Koha/C4/Matcher.pm
Colin Campbell d8b362e0f9 Bug 5415 Let calls of SimpleSearch utilize considtent interface
Remove some unnecessary checks when check of error is
sufficient. Make the order in some cases more logical
Should remove some possibilities of runtime warning noise.
Although some calls belong to the 'Nothing could
ever go wrong' school have added some warnings

Signed-off-by: Christophe Croullebois <christophe.croullebois@biblibre.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Cormack <chrisc@catalyst.net.nz>
2011-04-08 13:52:57 +12:00

779 lines
24 KiB
Perl

package C4::Matcher;
# Copyright (C) 2007 LibLime
#
# This file is part of Koha.
#
# Koha is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
# terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
# version.
#
# Koha is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
# WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
# with Koha; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
# 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
use strict;
use warnings;
use C4::Context;
use MARC::Record;
use C4::Search;
use C4::Biblio;
use vars qw($VERSION);
BEGIN {
# set the version for version checking
$VERSION = 3.01;
}
=head1 NAME
C4::Matcher - find MARC records matching another one
=head1 SYNOPSIS
my @matchers = C4::Matcher::GetMatcherList();
my $matcher = C4::Matcher->new($record_type);
$matcher->threshold($threshold);
$matcher->code($code);
$matcher->description($description);
$matcher->add_simple_matchpoint('isbn', 1000, '020', 'a', -1, 0, '');
$matcher->add_simple_matchpoint('Date', 1000, '008', '', 7, 4, '');
$matcher->add_matchpoint('isbn', 1000, [ { tag => '020', subfields => 'a', norms => [] } ]);
$matcher->add_simple_required_check('245', 'a', -1, 0, '', '245', 'a', -1, 0, '');
$matcher->add_required_check([ { tag => '245', subfields => 'a', norms => [] } ],
[ { tag => '245', subfields => 'a', norms => [] } ]);
my @matches = $matcher->get_matches($marc_record, $max_matches);
foreach $match (@matches) {
# matches already sorted in order of
# decreasing score
print "record ID: $match->{'record_id'};
print "score: $match->{'score'};
}
my $matcher_description = $matcher->dump();
=head1 FUNCTIONS
=cut
=head2 GetMatcherList
my @matchers = C4::Matcher::GetMatcherList();
Returns an array of hashrefs list all matchers
present in the database. Each hashref includes:
* matcher_id
* code
* description
=cut
sub GetMatcherList {
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
my $sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT matcher_id, code, description FROM marc_matchers ORDER BY matcher_id");
$sth->execute();
my @results = ();
while (my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref) {
push @results, $row;
}
return @results;
}
=head1 METHODS
=head2 new
my $matcher = C4::Matcher->new($record_type, $threshold);
Creates a new Matcher. C<$record_type> indicates which search
database to use, e.g., 'biblio' or 'authority' and defaults to
'biblio', while C<$threshold> is the minimum score required for a match
and defaults to 1000.
=cut
sub new {
my $class = shift;
my $self = {};
$self->{'id'} = undef;
if ($#_ > -1) {
$self->{'record_type'} = shift;
} else {
$self->{'record_type'} = 'biblio';
}
if ($#_ > -1) {
$self->{'threshold'} = shift;
} else {
$self->{'threshold'} = 1000;
}
$self->{'code'} = '';
$self->{'description'} = '';
$self->{'matchpoints'} = [];
$self->{'required_checks'} = [];
bless $self, $class;
return $self;
}
=head2 fetch
my $matcher = C4::Matcher->fetch($id);
Creates a matcher object from the version stored
in the database. If a matcher with the given
id does not exist, returns undef.
=cut
sub fetch {
my $class = shift;
my $id = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh();
my $sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM marc_matchers WHERE matcher_id = ?");
$sth->execute($id);
my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;
$sth->finish();
return undef unless defined $row;
my $self = {};
$self->{'id'} = $row->{'matcher_id'};
$self->{'record_type'} = $row->{'record_type'};
$self->{'code'} = $row->{'code'};
$self->{'description'} = $row->{'description'};
$self->{'threshold'} = int($row->{'threshold'});
bless $self, $class;
# matchpoints
$self->{'matchpoints'} = [];
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM matcher_matchpoints WHERE matcher_id = ? ORDER BY matchpoint_id");
$sth->execute($self->{'id'});
while (my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref) {
my $matchpoint = $self->_fetch_matchpoint($row->{'matchpoint_id'});
push @{ $self->{'matchpoints'} }, $matchpoint;
}
# required checks
$self->{'required_checks'} = [];
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM matchchecks WHERE matcher_id = ? ORDER BY matchcheck_id");
$sth->execute($self->{'id'});
while (my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref) {
my $source_matchpoint = $self->_fetch_matchpoint($row->{'source_matchpoint_id'});
my $target_matchpoint = $self->_fetch_matchpoint($row->{'target_matchpoint_id'});
my $matchcheck = {};
$matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'} = $source_matchpoint;
$matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'} = $target_matchpoint;
push @{ $self->{'required_checks'} }, $matchcheck;
}
return $self;
}
sub _fetch_matchpoint {
my $self = shift;
my $matchpoint_id = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
my $sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM matchpoints WHERE matchpoint_id = ?");
$sth->execute($matchpoint_id);
my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref;
my $matchpoint = {};
$matchpoint->{'index'} = $row->{'search_index'};
$matchpoint->{'score'} = int($row->{'score'});
$sth->finish();
$matchpoint->{'components'} = [];
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM matchpoint_components WHERE matchpoint_id = ? ORDER BY sequence");
$sth->execute($matchpoint_id);
while ($row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref) {
my $component = {};
$component->{'tag'} = $row->{'tag'};
$component->{'subfields'} = { map { $_ => 1 } split(//, $row->{'subfields'}) };
$component->{'offset'} = int($row->{'offset'});
$component->{'length'} = int($row->{'length'});
$component->{'norms'} = [];
my $sth2 = $dbh->prepare_cached("SELECT *
FROM matchpoint_component_norms
WHERE matchpoint_component_id = ? ORDER BY sequence");
$sth2->execute($row->{'matchpoint_component_id'});
while (my $row2 = $sth2->fetchrow_hashref) {
push @{ $component->{'norms'} }, $row2->{'norm_routine'};
}
push @{ $matchpoint->{'components'} }, $component;
}
return $matchpoint;
}
=head2 store
my $id = $matcher->store();
Stores matcher in database. The return value is the ID
of the marc_matchers row. If the matcher was
previously retrieved from the database via the fetch()
method, the DB representation of the matcher
is replaced.
=cut
sub store {
my $self = shift;
if (defined $self->{'id'}) {
# update
$self->_del_matcher_components();
$self->_update_marc_matchers();
} else {
# create new
$self->_new_marc_matchers();
}
$self->_store_matcher_components();
return $self->{'id'};
}
sub _del_matcher_components {
my $self = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh();
my $sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("DELETE FROM matchpoints WHERE matcher_id = ?");
$sth->execute($self->{'id'});
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("DELETE FROM matchchecks WHERE matcher_id = ?");
$sth->execute($self->{'id'});
# foreign key delete cascades take care of deleting relevant rows
# from matcher_matchpoints, matchpoint_components, and
# matchpoint_component_norms
}
sub _update_marc_matchers {
my $self = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh();
my $sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("UPDATE marc_matchers
SET code = ?,
description = ?,
record_type = ?,
threshold = ?
WHERE matcher_id = ?");
$sth->execute($self->{'code'}, $self->{'description'}, $self->{'record_type'}, $self->{'threshold'}, $self->{'id'});
}
sub _new_marc_matchers {
my $self = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh();
my $sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO marc_matchers
(code, description, record_type, threshold)
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)");
$sth->execute($self->{'code'}, $self->{'description'}, $self->{'record_type'}, $self->{'threshold'});
$self->{'id'} = $dbh->{'mysql_insertid'};
}
sub _store_matcher_components {
my $self = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh();
my $sth;
my $matcher_id = $self->{'id'};
foreach my $matchpoint (@{ $self->{'matchpoints'}}) {
my $matchpoint_id = $self->_store_matchpoint($matchpoint);
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO matcher_matchpoints (matcher_id, matchpoint_id)
VALUES (?, ?)");
$sth->execute($matcher_id, $matchpoint_id);
}
foreach my $matchcheck (@{ $self->{'required_checks'} }) {
my $source_matchpoint_id = $self->_store_matchpoint($matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'});
my $target_matchpoint_id = $self->_store_matchpoint($matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'});
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO matchchecks
(matcher_id, source_matchpoint_id, target_matchpoint_id)
VALUES (?, ?, ?)");
$sth->execute($matcher_id, $source_matchpoint_id, $target_matchpoint_id);
}
}
sub _store_matchpoint {
my $self = shift;
my $matchpoint = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh();
my $sth;
my $matcher_id = $self->{'id'};
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO matchpoints (matcher_id, search_index, score)
VALUES (?, ?, ?)");
$sth->execute($matcher_id, $matchpoint->{'index'}, $matchpoint->{'score'});
my $matchpoint_id = $dbh->{'mysql_insertid'};
my $seqnum = 0;
foreach my $component (@{ $matchpoint->{'components'} }) {
$seqnum++;
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO matchpoint_components
(matchpoint_id, sequence, tag, subfields, offset, length)
VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
$sth->bind_param(1, $matchpoint_id);
$sth->bind_param(2, $seqnum);
$sth->bind_param(3, $component->{'tag'});
$sth->bind_param(4, join "", sort keys %{ $component->{'subfields'} });
$sth->bind_param(5, $component->{'offset'});
$sth->bind_param(6, $component->{'length'});
$sth->execute();
my $matchpoint_component_id = $dbh->{'mysql_insertid'};
my $normseq = 0;
foreach my $norm (@{ $component->{'norms'} }) {
$normseq++;
$sth = $dbh->prepare_cached("INSERT INTO matchpoint_component_norms
(matchpoint_component_id, sequence, norm_routine)
VALUES (?, ?, ?)");
$sth->execute($matchpoint_component_id, $normseq, $norm);
}
}
return $matchpoint_id;
}
=head2 delete
C4::Matcher->delete($id);
Deletes the matcher of the specified ID
from the database.
=cut
sub delete {
my $class = shift;
my $matcher_id = shift;
my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
my $sth = $dbh->prepare("DELETE FROM marc_matchers WHERE matcher_id = ?");
$sth->execute($matcher_id); # relying on cascading deletes to clean up everything
}
=head2 threshold
$matcher->threshold(1000);
my $threshold = $matcher->threshold();
Accessor method.
=cut
sub threshold {
my $self = shift;
@_ ? $self->{'threshold'} = shift : $self->{'threshold'};
}
=head2 _id
$matcher->_id(123);
my $id = $matcher->_id();
Accessor method. Note that using this method
to set the DB ID of the matcher should not be
done outside of the editing CGI.
=cut
sub _id {
my $self = shift;
@_ ? $self->{'id'} = shift : $self->{'id'};
}
=head2 code
$matcher->code('ISBN');
my $code = $matcher->code();
Accessor method.
=cut
sub code {
my $self = shift;
@_ ? $self->{'code'} = shift : $self->{'code'};
}
=head2 description
$matcher->description('match on ISBN');
my $description = $matcher->description();
Accessor method.
=cut
sub description {
my $self = shift;
@_ ? $self->{'description'} = shift : $self->{'description'};
}
=head2 add_matchpoint
$matcher->add_matchpoint($index, $score, $matchcomponents);
Adds a matchpoint that may include multiple components. The $index
parameter identifies the index that will be searched, while $score
is the weight that will be added if a match is found.
$matchcomponents should be a reference to an array of matchpoint
compoents, each of which should be a hash containing the following
keys:
tag
subfields
offset
length
norms
The normalization_rules value should in turn be a reference to an
array, each element of which should be a reference to a
normalization subroutine (under C4::Normalize) to be applied
to the source string.
=cut
sub add_matchpoint {
my $self = shift;
my ($index, $score, $matchcomponents) = @_;
my $matchpoint = {};
$matchpoint->{'index'} = $index;
$matchpoint->{'score'} = $score;
$matchpoint->{'components'} = [];
foreach my $input_component (@{ $matchcomponents }) {
push @{ $matchpoint->{'components'} }, _parse_match_component($input_component);
}
push @{ $self->{'matchpoints'} }, $matchpoint;
}
=head2 add_simple_matchpoint
$matcher->add_simple_matchpoint($index, $score, $source_tag,
$source_subfields, $source_offset,
$source_length, $source_normalizer);
Adds a simple matchpoint rule -- after composing a key based on the source tag and subfields,
normalized per the normalization fuction, search the index. All records retrieved
will receive the assigned score.
=cut
sub add_simple_matchpoint {
my $self = shift;
my ($index, $score, $source_tag, $source_subfields, $source_offset, $source_length, $source_normalizer) = @_;
$self->add_matchpoint($index, $score, [
{ tag => $source_tag, subfields => $source_subfields,
offset => $source_offset, 'length' => $source_length,
norms => [ $source_normalizer ]
}
]);
}
=head2 add_required_check
$match->add_required_check($source_matchpoint, $target_matchpoint);
Adds a required check definition. A required check means that in
order for a match to be considered valid, the key derived from the
source (incoming) record must match the key derived from the target
(already in DB) record.
Unlike a regular matchpoint, only the first repeat of each tag
in the source and target match criteria are considered.
A typical example of a required check would be verifying that the
titles and publication dates match.
$source_matchpoint and $target_matchpoint are each a reference to
an array of hashes, where each hash follows the same definition
as the matchpoint component specification in add_matchpoint, i.e.,
tag
subfields
offset
length
norms
The normalization_rules value should in turn be a reference to an
array, each element of which should be a reference to a
normalization subroutine (under C4::Normalize) to be applied
to the source string.
=cut
sub add_required_check {
my $self = shift;
my ($source_matchpoint, $target_matchpoint) = @_;
my $matchcheck = {};
$matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'}->{'index'} = '';
$matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'}->{'score'} = 0;
$matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'}->{'components'} = [];
$matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'}->{'index'} = '';
$matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'}->{'score'} = 0;
$matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'}->{'components'} = [];
foreach my $input_component (@{ $source_matchpoint }) {
push @{ $matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'}->{'components'} }, _parse_match_component($input_component);
}
foreach my $input_component (@{ $target_matchpoint }) {
push @{ $matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'}->{'components'} }, _parse_match_component($input_component);
}
push @{ $self->{'required_checks'} }, $matchcheck;
}
=head2 add_simple_required_check
$matcher->add_simple_required_check($source_tag, $source_subfields,
$source_offset, $source_length, $source_normalizer,
$target_tag, $target_subfields, $target_offset,
$target_length, $target_normalizer);
Adds a required check, which requires that the normalized keys made from the source and targets
must match for a match to be considered valid.
=cut
sub add_simple_required_check {
my $self = shift;
my ($source_tag, $source_subfields, $source_offset, $source_length, $source_normalizer,
$target_tag, $target_subfields, $target_offset, $target_length, $target_normalizer) = @_;
$self->add_required_check(
[ { tag => $source_tag, subfields => $source_subfields, offset => $source_offset, 'length' => $source_length,
norms => [ $source_normalizer ] } ],
[ { tag => $target_tag, subfields => $target_subfields, offset => $target_offset, 'length' => $target_length,
norms => [ $target_normalizer ] } ]
);
}
=head2 find_matches
my @matches = $matcher->get_matches($marc_record, $max_matches);
foreach $match (@matches) {
# matches already sorted in order of
# decreasing score
print "record ID: $match->{'record_id'};
print "score: $match->{'score'};
}
Identifies all of the records matching the given MARC record. For a record already
in the database to be considered a match, it must meet the following criteria:
=over 2
=item 1. Total score from its matching field must exceed the supplied threshold.
=item 2. It must pass all required checks.
=back
Only the top $max_matches matches are returned. The returned array is sorted
in order of decreasing score, i.e., the best match is first.
=cut
sub get_matches {
my $self = shift;
my ($source_record, $max_matches) = @_;
my %matches = ();
foreach my $matchpoint (@{ $self->{'matchpoints'} }) {
my @source_keys = _get_match_keys($source_record, $matchpoint);
next if scalar(@source_keys) == 0;
# build query
my $query = join(" or ", map { "$matchpoint->{'index'}=$_" } @source_keys);
# FIXME only searching biblio index at the moment
my ($error, $searchresults, $total_hits) = SimpleSearch($query, 0, $max_matches);
if (defined $error ) {
warn "search failed ($query) $error";
} else {
foreach my $matched (@{$searchresults}) {
$matches{$matched} += $matchpoint->{'score'};
}
}
}
# get rid of any that don't meet the threshold
%matches = map { ($matches{$_} >= $self->{'threshold'}) ? ($_ => $matches{$_}) : () } keys %matches;
# get rid of any that don't meet the required checks
%matches = map { _passes_required_checks($source_record, $_, $self->{'required_checks'}) ? ($_ => $matches{$_}) : () }
keys %matches;
my @results = ();
foreach my $marcblob (keys %matches) {
my $target_record = MARC::Record->new_from_usmarc($marcblob);
my $result = TransformMarcToKoha(C4::Context->dbh, $target_record, '');
# FIXME - again, bibliospecific
# also, can search engine be induced to give just the number in the first place?
my $record_number = $result->{'biblionumber'};
push @results, { 'record_id' => $record_number, 'score' => $matches{$marcblob} };
}
@results = sort { $b->{'score'} cmp $a->{'score'} } @results;
if (scalar(@results) > $max_matches) {
@results = @results[0..$max_matches-1];
}
return @results;
}
=head2 dump
$description = $matcher->dump();
Returns a reference to a structure containing all of the information
in the matcher object. This is mainly a convenience method to
aid setting up a HTML editing form.
=cut
sub dump {
my $self = shift;
my $result = {};
$result->{'matcher_id'} = $self->{'id'};
$result->{'code'} = $self->{'code'};
$result->{'description'} = $self->{'description'};
$result->{'matchpoints'} = [];
foreach my $matchpoint (@{ $self->{'matchpoints'} }) {
push @{ $result->{'matchpoints'} }, $matchpoint;
}
$result->{'matchchecks'} = [];
foreach my $matchcheck (@{ $self->{'required_checks'} }) {
push @{ $result->{'matchchecks'} }, $matchcheck;
}
return $result;
}
sub _passes_required_checks {
my ($source_record, $target_blob, $matchchecks) = @_;
my $target_record = MARC::Record->new_from_usmarc($target_blob); # FIXME -- need to avoid parsing record twice
# no checks supplied == automatic pass
return 1 if $#{ $matchchecks } == -1;
foreach my $matchcheck (@{ $matchchecks }) {
my $source_key = join "", _get_match_keys($source_record, $matchcheck->{'source_matchpoint'});
my $target_key = join "", _get_match_keys($target_record, $matchcheck->{'target_matchpoint'});
return 0 unless $source_key eq $target_key;
}
return 1;
}
sub _get_match_keys {
my $source_record = shift;
my $matchpoint = shift;
my $check_only_first_repeat = @_ ? shift : 0;
# If there is more than one component to the matchpoint (e.g.,
# matchpoint includes both 003 and 001), any repeats
# of the first component's tag are identified; repeats
# of the subsequent components' tags are appended to
# each parallel key dervied from the first component,
# up to the number of repeats of the first component's tag.
#
# For example, if the record has one 003 and two 001s, only
# one key is retrieved because there is only one 003. The key
# will consist of the contents of the first 003 and first 001.
#
# If there are two 003s and two 001s, there will be two keys:
# first 003 + first 001
# second 003 + second 001
my @keys = ();
for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#{ $matchpoint->{'components'} }; $i++) {
my $component = $matchpoint->{'components'}->[$i];
my $j = -1;
FIELD: foreach my $field ($source_record->field($component->{'tag'})) {
$j++;
last FIELD if $j > 0 and $check_only_first_repeat;
last FIELD if $i > 0 and $j > $#keys;
my $key = "";
my $string;
if ($field->is_control_field()) {
$string=$field->data();
} else {
foreach my $subfield ($field->subfields()) {
if (exists $component->{'subfields'}->{$subfield->[0]}) {
$string .= " " . $subfield->[1];
}
}
}
if ($component->{'length'}>0) {
$string= substr($string, $component->{'offset'}, $component->{'length'});
# FIXME normalize, substr
} elsif ($component->{'offset'}) {
$string= substr($string, $component->{'offset'});
}
$key = _normalize($string);
if ($i == 0) {
push @keys, $key if $key;
} else {
$keys[$j] .= " $key" if $key;
}
}
}
return @keys;
}
sub _parse_match_component {
my $input_component = shift;
my $component = {};
$component->{'tag'} = $input_component->{'tag'};
$component->{'subfields'} = { map { $_ => 1 } split(//, $input_component->{'subfields'}) };
$component->{'offset'} = exists($input_component->{'offset'}) ? $input_component->{'offset'} : -1;
$component->{'length'} = $input_component->{'length'} ? $input_component->{'length'} : 0;
$component->{'norms'} = $input_component->{'norms'} ? $input_component->{'norms'} : [];
return $component;
}
# FIXME - default normalizer
sub _normalize {
my $value = uc shift;
$value =~ s/[.;:,\]\[\)\(\/'"]//g;
$value =~ s/^\s+//;
#$value =~ s/^\s+$//;
$value =~ s/\s+$//;
$value =~ s/\s+/ /g;
#$value =~ s/[.;,\]\[\)\(\/"']//g;
return $value;
}
1;
__END__
=head1 AUTHOR
Koha Development Team <http://koha-community.org/>
Galen Charlton <galen.charlton@liblime.com>
=cut