1 package C4::Auth_with_ldap;
3 # Copyright 2000-2002 Katipo Communications
5 # This file is part of Koha.
7 # Koha is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
8 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 # (at your option) any later version.
12 # Koha is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13 # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 # GNU General Public License for more details.
17 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 # along with Koha; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
25 use C4::Members::Attributes;
26 use C4::Members::AttributeTypes;
27 use C4::Members::Messaging;
28 use C4::Auth qw(checkpw_internal);
30 use Koha::AuthUtils qw(hash_password);
31 use List::MoreUtils qw( any );
33 use Net::LDAP::Filter;
35 use vars qw(@ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS $debug);
40 @EXPORT = qw( checkpw_ldap );
43 # Redefine checkpw_ldap:
44 # connect to LDAP (named or anonymous)
45 # ~ retrieves $userid from KOHA_CONF mapping
46 # ~ then compares $password with userPassword
47 # ~ then gets the LDAP entry
48 # ~ and calls the memberadd if necessary
50 sub ldapserver_error {
51 return sprintf('No ldapserver "%s" defined in KOHA_CONF: ' . $ENV{KOHA_CONF}, shift);
54 use vars qw($mapping @ldaphosts $base $ldapname $ldappassword);
55 my $context = C4::Context->new() or die 'C4::Context->new failed';
56 my $ldap = C4::Context->config("ldapserver") or die 'No "ldapserver" in server hash from KOHA_CONF: ' . $ENV{KOHA_CONF};
57 my $prefhost = $ldap->{hostname} or die ldapserver_error('hostname');
58 my $base = $ldap->{base} or die ldapserver_error('base');
59 $ldapname = $ldap->{user} ;
60 $ldappassword = $ldap->{pass} ;
61 our %mapping = %{$ldap->{mapping}}; # FIXME dpavlin -- don't die because of || (); from 6eaf8511c70eb82d797c941ef528f4310a15e9f9
62 my @mapkeys = keys %mapping;
63 $debug and print STDERR "Got ", scalar(@mapkeys), " ldap mapkeys ( total ): ", join ' ', @mapkeys, "\n";
64 @mapkeys = grep {defined $mapping{$_}->{is}} @mapkeys;
65 $debug and print STDERR "Got ", scalar(@mapkeys), " ldap mapkeys (populated): ", join ' ', @mapkeys, "\n";
67 my %categorycode_conversions;
68 my $default_categorycode;
69 if(defined $ldap->{categorycode_mapping}) {
70 $default_categorycode = $ldap->{categorycode_mapping}->{default};
71 foreach my $cat (@{$ldap->{categorycode_mapping}->{categorycode}}) {
72 $categorycode_conversions{$cat->{value}} = $cat->{content};
77 anonymous => defined ($ldap->{anonymous_bind}) ? $ldap->{anonymous_bind} : 1,
78 replicate => defined($ldap->{replicate}) ? $ldap->{replicate} : 1, # add from LDAP to Koha database for new user
79 update => defined($ldap->{update} ) ? $ldap->{update} : 1, # update from LDAP to Koha database for existing user
83 my $result = shift or return;
84 return "LDAP error #" . $result->code
85 . ": " . $result->error_name . "\n"
86 . "# " . $result->error_text . "\n";
90 my $db = shift or return;
91 my $userid = shift or return;
92 my $uid_field = $mapping{userid}->{is} or die ldapserver_error("mapping for 'userid'");
93 my $filter = Net::LDAP::Filter->new("$uid_field=$userid") or die "Failed to create new Net::LDAP::Filter";
94 my $search = $db->search(
99 die "LDAP search failed to return object : " . $search->error if $search->code;
101 my $count = $search->count;
102 if ($search->code > 0) {
103 warn sprintf("LDAP Auth rejected : %s gets %d hits\n", $filter->as_string, $count) . description($search);
107 warn sprintf("LDAP Auth rejected : search with filter '%s' returns no hit\n", $filter->as_string);
114 my ($dbh, $userid, $password) = @_;
115 my @hosts = split(',', $prefhost);
116 my $db = Net::LDAP->new(\@hosts);
118 warn "LDAP connexion failed";
122 #$debug and $db->debug(5);
125 # first, LDAP authentication
126 if ( $ldap->{auth_by_bind} ) {
128 if ( $config{anonymous} ) {
130 # Perform an anonymous bind
133 warn "Anonymous LDAP bind failed: " . description($res);
137 # Perform a LDAP search for the given username
138 my $search = search_method( $db, $userid )
139 or return 0; # warnings are in the sub
140 $userldapentry = $search->shift_entry;
141 $principal_name = $userldapentry->dn;
144 $principal_name = $ldap->{principal_name};
145 if ( $principal_name and $principal_name =~ /\%/ ) {
146 $principal_name = sprintf( $principal_name, $userid );
149 $principal_name = $userid;
153 # Perform a LDAP bind for the given username using the matched DN
154 my $res = $db->bind( $principal_name, password => $password );
156 if ( $config{anonymous} ) {
157 # With anonymous_bind approach we can be sure we have found the correct user
158 # and that any 'code' response indicates a 'bad' user (be that blocked, banned
159 # or password changed). We should not fall back to local accounts in this case.
160 warn "LDAP bind failed as kohauser $userid: " . description($res);
163 # Without a anonymous_bind, we cannot be sure we are looking at a valid ldap user
164 # at all, and thus we should fall back to local logins to restore previous behaviour
166 warn "LDAP bind failed as kohauser $userid: " . description($res);
170 if ( !defined($userldapentry)
171 && ( $config{update} or $config{replicate} ) )
173 my $search = search_method( $db, $userid ) or return 0;
174 $userldapentry = $search->shift_entry;
177 my $res = ($config{anonymous}) ? $db->bind : $db->bind($ldapname, password=>$ldappassword);
178 if ($res->code) { # connection refused
179 warn "LDAP bind failed as ldapuser " . ($ldapname || '[ANONYMOUS]') . ": " . description($res);
182 my $search = search_method($db, $userid) or return 0; # warnings are in the sub
183 # Handle multiple branches. Same login exists several times in different branches.
185 while (my $entry = $search->shift_entry) {
186 my $user_ldap_bind_ret = $db->bind($entry->dn, password => $password);
187 unless ($user_ldap_bind_ret->code) {
188 $userldapentry = $entry;
195 warn "LDAP Auth rejected : invalid password for user '$userid'.";
202 # To get here, LDAP has accepted our user's login attempt.
203 # But we still have work to do. See perldoc below for detailed breakdown.
206 my ($borrowernumber,$cardnumber,$local_userid,$savedpw) = exists_local($userid);
208 if (( $borrowernumber and $config{update} ) or
209 (!$borrowernumber and $config{replicate}) ) {
210 %borrower = ldap_entry_2_hash($userldapentry,$userid);
211 $debug and print STDERR "checkpw_ldap received \%borrower w/ " . keys(%borrower), " keys: ", join(' ', keys %borrower), "\n";
214 if ($borrowernumber) {
215 if ($config{update}) { # A1, B1
216 my $c2 = &update_local($local_userid,$password,$borrowernumber,\%borrower) || '';
217 ($cardnumber eq $c2) or warn "update_local returned cardnumber '$c2' instead of '$cardnumber'";
219 # maybe update just the password?
220 return(1, $cardnumber, $local_userid);
222 } elsif ($config{replicate}) { # A2, C2
223 my @columns = Koha::Patrons->columns;
224 my $patron = Koha::Patron->new(
226 map { exists( $borrower{$_} ) ? ( $_ => $borrower{$_} ) : () } @columns
229 die "Insert of new patron failed" unless $patron;
230 $borrowernumber = $patron->borrowernumber;
231 C4::Members::Messaging::SetMessagingPreferencesFromDefaults( { borrowernumber => $borrowernumber, categorycode => $borrower{'categorycode'} } );
235 if (C4::Context->preference('ExtendedPatronAttributes') && $borrowernumber && ($config{update} ||$config{replicate})) {
236 foreach my $attribute_type ( C4::Members::AttributeTypes::GetAttributeTypes() ) {
237 my $code = $attribute_type->{code};
238 unless (exists($borrower{$code}) && $borrower{$code} !~ m/^\s*$/ ) {
241 if (C4::Members::Attributes::CheckUniqueness($code, $borrower{$code}, $borrowernumber)) {
242 my $patron = Koha::Patrons->find($borrowernumber);
243 if ( $patron ) { # Should not be needed, but we are in C4::Auth LDAP...
244 my $attribute = Koha::Patron::Attribute->new({code => $code, attribute => $borrower{$code}});
245 $patron->extended_attributes([$attribute]);
248 warn "ERROR_extended_unique_id_failed $code $borrower{$code}";
252 return(1, $cardnumber, $userid);
255 # Pass LDAP entry object and local cardnumber (userid).
256 # Returns borrower hash.
257 # Edit KOHA_CONF so $memberhash{'xxx'} fits your ldap structure.
258 # Ensure that mandatory fields are correctly filled!
260 sub ldap_entry_2_hash {
261 my $userldapentry = shift;
262 my %borrower = ( cardnumber => shift );
264 $userldapentry->exists('uid'); # This is bad, but required! By side-effect, this initializes the attrs hash.
266 foreach (keys %$userldapentry) {
267 print STDERR "\n\nLDAP key: $_\t", sprintf('(%s)', ref $userldapentry->{$_}), "\n";
270 my $x = $userldapentry->{attrs} or return;
272 $memberhash{$_} = join ' ', @{$x->{$_}};
273 $debug and print STDERR sprintf("building \$memberhash{%s} = ", $_, join(' ', @{$x->{$_}})), "\n";
275 $debug and print STDERR "Finsihed \%memberhash has ", scalar(keys %memberhash), " keys\n",
276 "Referencing \%mapping with ", scalar(keys %mapping), " keys\n";
277 foreach my $key (keys %mapping) {
278 my $data = $memberhash{ lc($mapping{$key}->{is}) }; # Net::LDAP returns all names in lowercase
279 $debug and printf STDERR "mapping %20s ==> %-20s (%s)\n", $key, $mapping{$key}->{is}, $data;
280 unless (defined $data) {
281 $data = $mapping{$key}->{content} || undef;
283 $borrower{$key} = $data;
285 $borrower{initials} = $memberhash{initials} ||
286 ( substr($borrower{'firstname'},0,1)
287 . substr($borrower{ 'surname' },0,1)
290 # categorycode conversions
291 if(defined $categorycode_conversions{$borrower{categorycode}}) {
292 $borrower{categorycode} = $categorycode_conversions{$borrower{categorycode}};
294 elsif($default_categorycode) {
295 $borrower{categorycode} = $default_categorycode;
298 # check if categorycode exists, if not, fallback to default from koha-conf.xml
299 my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
300 my $sth = $dbh->prepare("SELECT categorycode FROM categories WHERE categorycode = ?");
301 $sth->execute( uc($borrower{'categorycode'}) );
302 unless ( my $row = $sth->fetchrow_hashref ) {
303 my $default = $mapping{'categorycode'}->{content};
304 $debug && warn "Can't find ", $borrower{'categorycode'}, " default to: $default for ", $borrower{userid};
305 $borrower{'categorycode'} = $default
313 my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
314 my $select = "SELECT borrowernumber,cardnumber,userid,password FROM borrowers ";
316 my $sth = $dbh->prepare("$select WHERE userid=?"); # was cardnumber=?
318 $debug and printf STDERR "Userid '$arg' exists_local? %s\n", $sth->rows;
319 ($sth->rows == 1) and return $sth->fetchrow;
321 $sth = $dbh->prepare("$select WHERE cardnumber=?");
323 $debug and printf STDERR "Cardnumber '$arg' exists_local? %s\n", $sth->rows;
324 ($sth->rows == 1) and return $sth->fetchrow;
328 # This function performs a password update, given the userid, borrowerid,
329 # and digested password. It will verify that things are correct and return the
330 # borrowers cardnumber. The idea is that it is used to keep the local
331 # passwords in sync with the LDAP passwords.
333 # $cardnum = _do_changepassword($userid, $borrowerid, $digest)
335 # Note: if the LDAP config has the update_password tag set to a false value,
336 # then this will not update the password, it will simply return the cardnumber.
337 sub _do_changepassword {
338 my ($userid, $borrowerid, $password) = @_;
340 if ( exists( $ldap->{update_password} ) && !$ldap->{update_password} ) {
342 # We don't store the password in the database
343 my $sth = C4::Context->dbh->prepare(
344 'SELECT cardnumber FROM borrowers WHERE borrowernumber=?');
345 $sth->execute($borrowerid);
346 die "Unable to access borrowernumber "
347 . "with userid=$userid, "
348 . "borrowernumber=$borrowerid"
350 my ($cardnum) = $sth->fetchrow;
351 $sth = C4::Context->dbh->prepare(
352 'UPDATE borrowers SET password = null WHERE borrowernumber=?');
353 $sth->execute($borrowerid);
357 my $digest = hash_password($password);
358 $debug and print STDERR "changing local password for borrowernumber=$borrowerid to '$digest'\n";
359 Koha::Patrons->find($borrowerid)->set_password({ password => $password, skip_validation => 1 });
361 my ($ok, $cardnum) = checkpw_internal(C4::Context->dbh, $userid, $password);
362 return $cardnum if $ok;
364 warn "Password mismatch after update to borrowernumber=$borrowerid";
369 my $userid = shift or croak "No userid";
370 my $password = shift or croak "No password";
371 my $borrowerid = shift or croak "No borrowerid";
372 my $borrower = shift or croak "No borrower record";
374 # skip extended patron attributes in 'borrowers' attribute update
375 my @keys = keys %$borrower;
376 if (C4::Context->preference('ExtendedPatronAttributes')) {
377 foreach my $attribute_type ( C4::Members::AttributeTypes::GetAttributeTypes() ) {
378 my $code = $attribute_type->{code};
379 @keys = grep { $_ ne $code } @keys;
380 $debug and printf STDERR "ignoring extended patron attribute '%s' in update_local()\n", $code;
384 my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
385 my $query = "UPDATE borrowers\nSET " .
386 join(',', map {"$_=?"} @keys) .
387 "\nWHERE borrowernumber=? ";
388 my $sth = $dbh->prepare($query);
390 print STDERR $query, "\n",
391 join "\n", map {"$_ = '" . $borrower->{$_} . "'"} @keys;
392 print STDERR "\nuserid = $userid\n";
395 ((map {$borrower->{$_}} @keys), $borrowerid)
398 # MODIFY PASSWORD/LOGIN if password was mapped
399 _do_changepassword($userid, $borrowerid, $password) if exists( $borrower->{'password'} );
407 C4::Auth - Authenticates Koha users
411 use C4::Auth_with_ldap;
413 =head1 LDAP Configuration
415 This module is specific to LDAP authentification. It requires Net::LDAP package and one or more
416 working LDAP servers.
418 * Modify ldapserver element in KOHA_CONF
419 * Establish field mapping in <mapping> element.
421 For example, if your user records are stored according to the inetOrgPerson schema, RFC#2798,
422 the username would match the "uid" field, and the password should match the "userpassword" field.
424 Make sure that ALL required fields are populated by your LDAP database (and mapped in KOHA_CONF).
425 What are the required fields? Well, in mysql you can check the database table "borrowers" like this:
427 mysql> show COLUMNS from borrowers;
428 +---------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
429 | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
430 +---------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
431 | borrowernumber | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
432 | cardnumber | varchar(16) | YES | UNI | NULL | |
433 | surname | mediumtext | NO | | NULL | |
434 | firstname | text | YES | | NULL | |
435 | title | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
436 | othernames | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
437 | initials | text | YES | | NULL | |
438 | streetnumber | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
439 | streettype | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
440 | address | mediumtext | NO | | NULL | |
441 | address2 | text | YES | | NULL | |
442 | city | mediumtext | NO | | NULL | |
443 | state | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
444 | zipcode | varchar(25) | YES | | NULL | |
445 | country | text | YES | | NULL | |
446 | email | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
447 | phone | text | YES | | NULL | |
448 | mobile | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
449 | fax | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
450 | emailpro | text | YES | | NULL | |
451 | phonepro | text | YES | | NULL | |
452 | B_streetnumber | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
453 | B_streettype | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
454 | B_address | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | |
455 | B_address2 | text | YES | | NULL | |
456 | B_city | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
457 | B_state | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
458 | B_zipcode | varchar(25) | YES | | NULL | |
459 | B_country | text | YES | | NULL | |
460 | B_email | text | YES | | NULL | |
461 | B_phone | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
462 | dateofbirth | date | YES | | NULL | |
463 | branchcode | varchar(10) | NO | MUL | | |
464 | categorycode | varchar(10) | NO | MUL | | |
465 | dateenrolled | date | YES | | NULL | |
466 | dateexpiry | date | YES | | NULL | |
467 | gonenoaddress | tinyint(1) | YES | | NULL | |
468 | lost | tinyint(1) | YES | | NULL | |
469 | debarred | date | YES | | NULL | |
470 | debarredcomment | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
471 | contactname | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
472 | contactfirstname | text | YES | | NULL | |
473 | contacttitle | text | YES | | NULL | |
474 | borrowernotes | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
475 | relationship | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | |
476 | ethnicity | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
477 | ethnotes | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
478 | sex | varchar(1) | YES | | NULL | |
479 | password | varchar(30) | YES | | NULL | |
480 | flags | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
481 | userid | varchar(30) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
482 | opacnote | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
483 | contactnote | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
484 | sort1 | varchar(80) | YES | | NULL | |
485 | sort2 | varchar(80) | YES | | NULL | |
486 | altcontactfirstname | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
487 | altcontactsurname | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
488 | altcontactaddress1 | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
489 | altcontactaddress2 | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
490 | altcontactaddress3 | varchar(255) | YES | | NULL | |
491 | altcontactstate | mediumtext | YES | | NULL | |
492 | altcontactzipcode | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
493 | altcontactcountry | text | YES | | NULL | |
494 | altcontactphone | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
495 | smsalertnumber | varchar(50) | YES | | NULL | |
496 | privacy | int(11) | NO | | 1 | |
497 +---------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
498 66 rows in set (0.00 sec)
499 Where Null="NO", the field is required.
501 =head1 KOHA_CONF and field mapping
503 Example XML stanza for LDAP configuration in KOHA_CONF.
507 <useldapserver>1</useldapserver>
508 <!-- LDAP SERVER (optional) -->
509 <ldapserver id="ldapserver">
510 <hostname>localhost</hostname>
511 <base>dc=metavore,dc=com</base>
512 <user>cn=Manager,dc=metavore,dc=com</user> <!-- DN, if not anonymous -->
513 <pass>metavore</pass> <!-- password, if not anonymous -->
514 <replicate>1</replicate> <!-- add new users from LDAP to Koha database -->
515 <update>1</update> <!-- update existing users in Koha database -->
516 <auth_by_bind>0</auth_by_bind> <!-- set to 1 to authenticate by binding instead of
517 password comparison, e.g., to use Active Directory -->
518 <anonymous_bind>0</anonymous_bind> <!-- set to 1 if users should be searched using
519 an anonymous bind, even when auth_by_bind is on -->
520 <principal_name>%s@my_domain.com</principal_name>
521 <!-- optional, for auth_by_bind: a printf format to make userPrincipalName from koha userid.
522 Not used with anonymous_bind. -->
523 <update_password>1</update_password> <!-- set to 0 if you don't want LDAP passwords
524 synced to the local database -->
525 <mapping> <!-- match koha SQL field names to your LDAP record field names -->
526 <firstname is="givenname" ></firstname>
527 <surname is="sn" ></surname>
528 <address is="postaladdress" ></address>
529 <city is="l" >Athens, OH</city>
530 <zipcode is="postalcode" ></zipcode>
531 <branchcode is="branch" >MAIN</branchcode>
532 <userid is="uid" ></userid>
533 <password is="userpassword" ></password>
534 <email is="mail" ></email>
535 <categorycode is="employeetype" >PT</categorycode>
536 <phone is="telephonenumber"></phone>
541 The <mapping> subelements establish the relationship between mysql fields and LDAP attributes. The element name
542 is the column in mysql, with the "is" characteristic set to the LDAP attribute name. Optionally, any content
543 between the element tags is taken as the default value. In this example, the default categorycode is "PT" (for
548 Once a user has been accepted by the LDAP server, there are several possibilities for how Koha will behave, depending on
549 your configuration and the presence of a matching Koha user in your local DB:
552 OPTION UPDATE REPLICATE EXISTS? RESULT
553 A1 1 1 1 OK : We're updating them anyway.
554 A2 1 1 0 OK : We're adding them anyway.
555 B1 1 0 1 OK : We update them.
556 B2 1 0 0 FAIL: We cannot add new user.
557 C1 0 1 1 OK : We do nothing. (maybe should update password?)
558 C2 0 1 0 OK : We add the new user.
559 D1 0 0 1 OK : We do nothing. (maybe should update password?)
560 D2 0 0 0 FAIL: We cannot add new user.
562 Note: failure here just means that Koha will fallback to checking the local DB. That is, a given user could login with
563 their LDAP password OR their local one. If this is a problem, then you should enable update and supply a mapping for
564 password. Then the local value will be updated at successful LDAP login and the passwords will be synced.
566 If you choose NOT to update local users, the borrowers table will not be affected at all.
567 Note that this means that patron passwords may appear to change if LDAP is ever disabled, because
568 the local table never contained the LDAP values.
572 Binds as the user instead of retrieving their record. Recommended if update disabled.
574 =head2 principal_name
576 Provides an optional sprintf-style format for manipulating the userid before the bind.
577 Even though the userPrincipalName is one intended target, any uniquely identifying
578 attribute that the server allows to be used for binding could be used.
580 Currently, principal_name only operates when auth_by_bind is enabled.
582 =head2 update_password
584 If this tag is left out or set to a true value, then the user's LDAP password
585 will be stored (hashed) in the local Koha database. If you don't want this
586 to happen, then set the value of this to '0'. Note that if passwords are not
587 stored locally, and the connection to the LDAP system fails, then the users
588 will not be able to log in at all.
590 =head2 Active Directory
592 The auth_by_bind and principal_name settings are recommended for Active Directory.
594 Under default Active Directory rules, we cannot determine the distinguishedName attribute from the Koha userid as reliably as
595 we would typically under openldap. Instead of:
597 distinguishedName: CN=barnes.7,DC=my_company,DC=com
601 distinguishedName: CN=Barnes\, Jim,OU=Test Accounts,OU=User Accounts,DC=my_company,DC=com
603 Matching that would require us to know more info about the account (firstname, surname) and to include punctuation and whitespace
604 in Koha userids. But the userPrincipalName should be consistent, something like:
606 userPrincipalName: barnes.7@my_company.com
608 Therefore it is often easier to bind to Active Directory with userPrincipalName, effectively the
609 canonical email address for that user, or what it would be if email were enabled for them. If Koha userid values
610 will match the username portion of the userPrincipalName, and the domain suffix is the same for all users, then use principal_name
612 <principal_name>%s@core.my_company.com</principal_name>
614 The user of the previous example, barnes.7, would then attempt to bind as:
615 barnes.7@core.my_company.com
631 # For reference, here's an important difference in the data structure we rely on.
632 # ========================================
633 # Using attrs instead of {asn}->attributes
634 # ========================================
636 # LDAP key: ->{ cn} = ARRAY w/ 3 members.
637 # LDAP key: ->{ cn}->{ sss} = sss
638 # LDAP key: ->{ cn}->{ Steve Smith} = Steve Smith
639 # LDAP key: ->{ cn}->{Steve S. Smith} = Steve S. Smith
641 # LDAP key: ->{ givenname} = ARRAY w/ 1 members.
642 # LDAP key: ->{ givenname}->{Steve} = Steve