package C4::Search;

# This file is part of Koha.
#
# Koha is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
# terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
# version.
#
# Koha is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
# WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
# Koha; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place,
# Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA

use strict;
#use warnings; FIXME - Bug 2505
require Exporter;
use C4::Context;
use C4::Biblio;    # GetMarcFromKohaField, GetBiblioData
use C4::Koha;      # getFacets
use Lingua::Stem;
use C4::Search::PazPar2;
use XML::Simple;
use C4::Dates qw(format_date);
use C4::XSLT;
use C4::Branch;
use C4::Reserves;    # CheckReserves
use C4::Debug;
use URI::Escape;

use vars qw($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS $DEBUG);

# set the version for version checking
BEGIN {
    $VERSION = 3.01;
    $DEBUG = ($ENV{DEBUG}) ? 1 : 0;
}

=head1 NAME

C4::Search - Functions for searching the Koha catalog.

=head1 SYNOPSIS

See opac/opac-search.pl or catalogue/search.pl for example of usage

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module provides searching functions for Koha's bibliographic databases

=head1 FUNCTIONS

=cut

@ISA    = qw(Exporter);
@EXPORT = qw(
  &FindDuplicate
  &SimpleSearch
  &searchResults
  &getRecords
  &buildQuery
  &NZgetRecords
  &AddSearchHistory
  &GetDistinctValues
  &BiblioAddAuthorities
);
#FIXME: i had to add BiblioAddAuthorities here because in Biblios.pm it caused circular dependencies (C4::Search uses C4::Biblio, and BiblioAddAuthorities uses SimpleSearch from C4::Search)

# make all your functions, whether exported or not;

=head2 FindDuplicate

($biblionumber,$biblionumber,$title) = FindDuplicate($record);

This function attempts to find duplicate records using a hard-coded, fairly simplistic algorithm

=cut

sub FindDuplicate {
    my ($record) = @_;
    my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
    my $result = TransformMarcToKoha( $dbh, $record, '' );
    my $sth;
    my $query;
    my $search;
    my $type;
    my ( $biblionumber, $title );

    # search duplicate on ISBN, easy and fast..
    # ... normalize first
    if ( $result->{isbn} ) {
        $result->{isbn} =~ s/\(.*$//;
        $result->{isbn} =~ s/\s+$//;
        $query = "isbn=$result->{isbn}";
    }
    else {
        $result->{title} =~ s /\\//g;
        $result->{title} =~ s /\"//g;
        $result->{title} =~ s /\(//g;
        $result->{title} =~ s /\)//g;

        # FIXME: instead of removing operators, could just do
        # quotes around the value
        $result->{title} =~ s/(and|or|not)//g;
        $query = "ti,ext=$result->{title}";
        $query .= " and itemtype=$result->{itemtype}"
          if ( $result->{itemtype} );
        if   ( $result->{author} ) {
            $result->{author} =~ s /\\//g;
            $result->{author} =~ s /\"//g;
            $result->{author} =~ s /\(//g;
            $result->{author} =~ s /\)//g;

            # remove valid operators
            $result->{author} =~ s/(and|or|not)//g;
            $query .= " and au,ext=$result->{author}";
        }
    }

    # FIXME: add error handling
    my ( $error, $searchresults ) = SimpleSearch($query); # FIXME :: hardcoded !
    my @results;
    foreach my $possible_duplicate_record (@$searchresults) {
        my $marcrecord =
          MARC::Record->new_from_usmarc($possible_duplicate_record);
        my $result = TransformMarcToKoha( $dbh, $marcrecord, '' );

        # FIXME :: why 2 $biblionumber ?
        if ($result) {
            push @results, $result->{'biblionumber'};
            push @results, $result->{'title'};
        }
    }
    return @results;
}

=head2 SimpleSearch

( $error, $results, $total_hits ) = SimpleSearch( $query, $offset, $max_results, [@servers] );

This function provides a simple search API on the bibliographic catalog

=over 2

=item C<input arg:>

    * $query can be a simple keyword or a complete CCL query
    * @servers is optional. Defaults to biblioserver as found in koha-conf.xml
    * $offset - If present, represents the number of records at the beggining to omit. Defaults to 0
    * $max_results - if present, determines the maximum number of records to fetch. undef is All. defaults to undef.


=item C<Output:>

    * $error is a empty unless an error is detected
    * \@results is an array of records.
    * $total_hits is the number of hits that would have been returned with no limit

=item C<usage in the script:>

=back

my ( $error, $marcresults, $total_hits ) = SimpleSearch($query);

if (defined $error) {
    $template->param(query_error => $error);
    warn "error: ".$error;
    output_html_with_http_headers $input, $cookie, $template->output;
    exit;
}

my $hits = scalar @$marcresults;
my @results;

for my $i (0..$hits) {
    my %resultsloop;
    my $marcrecord = MARC::File::USMARC::decode($marcresults->[$i]);
    my $biblio = TransformMarcToKoha(C4::Context->dbh,$marcrecord,'');

    #build the hash for the template.
    $resultsloop{title}           = $biblio->{'title'};
    $resultsloop{subtitle}        = $biblio->{'subtitle'};
    $resultsloop{biblionumber}    = $biblio->{'biblionumber'};
    $resultsloop{author}          = $biblio->{'author'};
    $resultsloop{publishercode}   = $biblio->{'publishercode'};
    $resultsloop{publicationyear} = $biblio->{'publicationyear'};

    push @results, \%resultsloop;
}

$template->param(result=>\@results);

=cut

sub SimpleSearch {
    my ( $query, $offset, $max_results, $servers )  = @_;

    if ( C4::Context->preference('NoZebra') ) {
        my $result = NZorder( NZanalyse($query) )->{'biblioserver'};
        my $search_result =
          (      $result->{hits}
              && $result->{hits} > 0 ? $result->{'RECORDS'} : [] );
        return ( undef, $search_result, scalar($result->{hits}) );
    }
    else {
        # FIXME hardcoded value. See catalog/search.pl & opac-search.pl too.
        my @servers = defined ( $servers ) ? @$servers : ( "biblioserver" );
        my @results;
        my @zoom_queries;
        my @tmpresults;
        my @zconns;
        my $total_hits;
        return ( "No query entered", undef, undef ) unless $query;

        # Initialize & Search Zebra
        for ( my $i = 0 ; $i < @servers ; $i++ ) {
            eval {
                $zconns[$i] = C4::Context->Zconn( $servers[$i], 1 );
                $zoom_queries[$i] = new ZOOM::Query::CCL2RPN( $query, $zconns[$i]);
                $tmpresults[$i] = $zconns[$i]->search( $zoom_queries[$i] );

                # error handling
                my $error =
                    $zconns[$i]->errmsg() . " ("
                  . $zconns[$i]->errcode() . ") "
                  . $zconns[$i]->addinfo() . " "
                  . $zconns[$i]->diagset();

                return ( $error, undef, undef ) if $zconns[$i]->errcode();
            };
            if ($@) {

                # caught a ZOOM::Exception
                my $error =
                    $@->message() . " ("
                  . $@->code() . ") "
                  . $@->addinfo() . " "
                  . $@->diagset();
                warn $error;
                return ( $error, undef, undef );
            }
        }
        while ( ( my $i = ZOOM::event( \@zconns ) ) != 0 ) {
            my $event = $zconns[ $i - 1 ]->last_event();
            if ( $event == ZOOM::Event::ZEND ) {

                my $first_record = defined( $offset ) ? $offset+1 : 1;
                my $hits = $tmpresults[ $i - 1 ]->size();
                $total_hits += $hits;
                my $last_record = $hits;
                if ( defined $max_results && $offset + $max_results < $hits ) {
                    $last_record  = $offset + $max_results;
                }

                for my $j ( $first_record..$last_record ) {
                    my $record = $tmpresults[ $i - 1 ]->record( $j-1 )->raw(); # 0 indexed
                    push @results, $record;
                }
            }
        }

        foreach my $result (@tmpresults) {
            $result->destroy();
        }
        foreach my $zoom_query (@zoom_queries) {
            $zoom_query->destroy();
        }

        return ( undef, \@results, $total_hits );
    }
}

=head2 getRecords

( undef, $results_hashref, \@facets_loop ) = getRecords (

        $koha_query,       $simple_query, $sort_by_ref,    $servers_ref,
        $results_per_page, $offset,       $expanded_facet, $branches,
        $query_type,       $scan
    );

The all singing, all dancing, multi-server, asynchronous, scanning,
searching, record nabbing, facet-building

See verbse embedded documentation.

=cut

sub getRecords {
    my (
        $koha_query,       $simple_query, $sort_by_ref,    $servers_ref,
        $results_per_page, $offset,       $expanded_facet, $branches,
        $query_type,       $scan
    ) = @_;

    my @servers = @$servers_ref;
    my @sort_by = @$sort_by_ref;

    # Initialize variables for the ZOOM connection and results object
    my $zconn;
    my @zconns;
    my @results;
    my $results_hashref = ();

    # Initialize variables for the faceted results objects
    my $facets_counter = ();
    my $facets_info    = ();
    my $facets         = getFacets();
    my $facets_maxrecs = C4::Context->preference('maxRecordsForFacets')||20;

    my @facets_loop;    # stores the ref to array of hashes for template facets loop

    ### LOOP THROUGH THE SERVERS
    for ( my $i = 0 ; $i < @servers ; $i++ ) {
        $zconns[$i] = C4::Context->Zconn( $servers[$i], 1 );

# perform the search, create the results objects
# if this is a local search, use the $koha-query, if it's a federated one, use the federated-query
        my $query_to_use = ($servers[$i] =~ /biblioserver/) ? $koha_query : $simple_query;

        #$query_to_use = $simple_query if $scan;
        warn $simple_query if ( $scan and $DEBUG );

        # Check if we've got a query_type defined, if so, use it
        eval {
            if ($query_type) {
                if ($query_type =~ /^ccl/) {
                    $query_to_use =~ s/\:/\=/g;    # change : to = last minute (FIXME)
                    $results[$i] = $zconns[$i]->search(new ZOOM::Query::CCL2RPN($query_to_use, $zconns[$i]));
                } elsif ($query_type =~ /^cql/) {
                    $results[$i] = $zconns[$i]->search(new ZOOM::Query::CQL($query_to_use, $zconns[$i]));
                } elsif ($query_type =~ /^pqf/) {
                    $results[$i] = $zconns[$i]->search(new ZOOM::Query::PQF($query_to_use, $zconns[$i]));
                } else {
                    warn "Unknown query_type '$query_type'.  Results undetermined.";
                }
            } elsif ($scan) {
                    $results[$i] = $zconns[$i]->scan(  new ZOOM::Query::CCL2RPN($query_to_use, $zconns[$i]));
            } else {
                    $results[$i] = $zconns[$i]->search(new ZOOM::Query::CCL2RPN($query_to_use, $zconns[$i]));
            }
        };
        if ($@) {
            warn "WARNING: query problem with $query_to_use " . $@;
        }

        # Concatenate the sort_by limits and pass them to the results object
        # Note: sort will override rank
        my $sort_by;
        foreach my $sort (@sort_by) {
            if ( $sort eq "author_az" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=1003 <i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "author_za" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=1003 >i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "popularity_asc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=9003 <i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "popularity_dsc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=9003 >i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "call_number_asc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=8007  <i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "call_number_dsc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=8007 >i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "pubdate_asc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=31 <i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "pubdate_dsc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=31 >i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "acqdate_asc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=32 <i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "acqdate_dsc" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=32 >i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "title_az" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=4 <i ";
            }
            elsif ( $sort eq "title_za" ) {
                $sort_by .= "1=4 >i ";
            }
            else {
                warn "Ignoring unrecognized sort '$sort' requested" if $sort_by;
            }
        }
        if ($sort_by) {
            if ( $results[$i]->sort( "yaz", $sort_by ) < 0 ) {
                warn "WARNING sort $sort_by failed";
            }
        }
    }    # finished looping through servers

    # The big moment: asynchronously retrieve results from all servers
    while ( ( my $i = ZOOM::event( \@zconns ) ) != 0 ) {
        my $ev = $zconns[ $i - 1 ]->last_event();
        if ( $ev == ZOOM::Event::ZEND ) {
            next unless $results[ $i - 1 ];
            my $size = $results[ $i - 1 ]->size();
            if ( $size > 0 ) {
                my $results_hash;

                # loop through the results
                $results_hash->{'hits'} = $size;
                my $times;
                if ( $offset + $results_per_page <= $size ) {
                    $times = $offset + $results_per_page;
                }
                else {
                    $times = $size;
                }
                for ( my $j = $offset ; $j < $times ; $j++ ) {
                    my $records_hash;
                    my $record;

                    ## Check if it's an index scan
                    if ($scan) {
                        my ( $term, $occ ) = $results[ $i - 1 ]->term($j);

                 # here we create a minimal MARC record and hand it off to the
                 # template just like a normal result ... perhaps not ideal, but
                 # it works for now
                        my $tmprecord = MARC::Record->new();
                        $tmprecord->encoding('UTF-8');
                        my $tmptitle;
                        my $tmpauthor;

                # the minimal record in author/title (depending on MARC flavour)
                        if (C4::Context->preference("marcflavour") eq "UNIMARC") {
                            $tmptitle = MARC::Field->new('200',' ',' ', a => $term, f => $occ);
                            $tmprecord->append_fields($tmptitle);
                        } else {
                            $tmptitle  = MARC::Field->new('245',' ',' ', a => $term,);
                            $tmpauthor = MARC::Field->new('100',' ',' ', a => $occ,);
                            $tmprecord->append_fields($tmptitle);
                            $tmprecord->append_fields($tmpauthor);
                        }
                        $results_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$j] = $tmprecord->as_usmarc();
                    }

                    # not an index scan
                    else {
                        $record = $results[ $i - 1 ]->record($j)->raw();

                        # warn "RECORD $j:".$record;
                        $results_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$j] = $record;
                    }

                }
                $results_hashref->{ $servers[ $i - 1 ] } = $results_hash;

                # Fill the facets while we're looping, but only for the biblioserver and not for a scan
                if ( !$scan && $servers[ $i - 1 ] =~ /biblioserver/ ) {

                    my $jmax = $size>$facets_maxrecs? $facets_maxrecs: $size;

                    for ( my $k = 0 ; $k <= @$facets ; $k++ ) {
                        ($facets->[$k]) or next;
                        my @fcodes = @{$facets->[$k]->{'tags'}};
                        my $sfcode = $facets->[$k]->{'subfield'};

		                for ( my $j = 0 ; $j < $jmax ; $j++ ) {
		                    my $render_record = $results[ $i - 1 ]->record($j)->render();
                            my @used_datas = ();

                            foreach my $fcode (@fcodes) {

                                # avoid first line
                                my $field_pattern = '\n'.$fcode.' ([^\n]+)';
                                my @field_tokens = ( $render_record =~ /$field_pattern/g ) ;

                                foreach my $field_token (@field_tokens) {
                                    my $subfield_pattern = '\$'.$sfcode.' ([^\$]+)';
                                    my @subfield_values = ( $field_token =~ /$subfield_pattern/g );

                                    foreach my $subfield_value (@subfield_values) {

                                        my $data = $subfield_value;
                                        $data =~ s/^\s+//; # trim left
                                        $data =~ s/\s+$//; # trim right

                                        unless ( $data ~~ @used_datas ) {
                                            $facets_counter->{ $facets->[$k]->{'link_value'} }->{$data}++;
                                            push @used_datas, $data;
                                        }
                                    } # subfields
                                } # fields
                            } # field codes
                        } # records

                        $facets_info->{ $facets->[$k]->{'link_value'} }->{'label_value'} = $facets->[$k]->{'label_value'};
                        $facets_info->{ $facets->[$k]->{'link_value'} }->{'expanded'} = $facets->[$k]->{'expanded'};
                    } # facets
                }
                # End PROGILONE
            }

            # warn "connection ", $i-1, ": $size hits";
            # warn $results[$i-1]->record(0)->render() if $size > 0;

            # BUILD FACETS
            if ( $servers[ $i - 1 ] =~ /biblioserver/ ) {
                for my $link_value (
                    sort { $facets_counter->{$b} <=> $facets_counter->{$a} }
                        keys %$facets_counter )
                {
                    my $expandable;
                    my $number_of_facets;
                    my @this_facets_array;
                    for my $one_facet (
                        sort {
                             $facets_counter->{$link_value}->{$b}
                         <=> $facets_counter->{$link_value}->{$a}
                        } keys %{ $facets_counter->{$link_value} }
                      )
                    {
                        $number_of_facets++;
                        if (   ( $number_of_facets < 6 )
                            || ( $expanded_facet eq $link_value )
                            || ( $facets_info->{$link_value}->{'expanded'} ) )
                        {

                      # Sanitize the link value ), ( will cause errors with CCL,
                            my $facet_link_value = $one_facet;
                            $facet_link_value =~ s/(\(|\))/ /g;

                            # fix the length that will display in the label,
                            my $facet_label_value = $one_facet;
                            my $facet_max_length =
                                C4::Context->preference('FacetLabelTruncationLength') || 20;
                            $facet_label_value =
                              substr( $one_facet, 0, $facet_max_length ) . "..."
                                if length($facet_label_value) > $facet_max_length;

                            # if it's a branch, label by the name, not the code,
                            if ( $link_value =~ /branch/ ) {
								if (defined $branches
									&& ref($branches) eq "HASH"
									&& defined $branches->{$one_facet}
									&& ref ($branches->{$one_facet}) eq "HASH")
								{
                                	$facet_label_value =
                                  		$branches->{$one_facet}->{'branchname'};
								}
								else {
									$facet_label_value = "*";
								}
                            }

                            # but we're down with the whole label being in the link's title.
                            push @this_facets_array, {
                                facet_count       => $facets_counter->{$link_value}->{$one_facet},
                                facet_label_value => $facet_label_value,
                                facet_title_value => $one_facet,
                                facet_link_value  => $facet_link_value,
                                type_link_value   => $link_value,
                            };
                        }
                    }

                    # handle expanded option
                    unless ( $facets_info->{$link_value}->{'expanded'} ) {
                        $expandable = 1
                          if ( ( $number_of_facets > 6 )
                            && ( $expanded_facet ne $link_value ) );
                    }
                    push @facets_loop, {
                        type_link_value => $link_value,
                        type_id         => $link_value . "_id",
                        "type_label_" . $facets_info->{$link_value}->{'label_value'} => 1,
                        facets     => \@this_facets_array,
                        expandable => $expandable,
                        expand     => $link_value,
                    } unless ( ($facets_info->{$link_value}->{'label_value'} =~ /Libraries/) and (C4::Context->preference('singleBranchMode')) );
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return ( undef, $results_hashref, \@facets_loop );
}

sub pazGetRecords {
    my (
        $koha_query,       $simple_query, $sort_by_ref,    $servers_ref,
        $results_per_page, $offset,       $expanded_facet, $branches,
        $query_type,       $scan
    ) = @_;

    my $paz = C4::Search::PazPar2->new(C4::Context->config('pazpar2url'));
    $paz->init();
    $paz->search($simple_query);
    sleep 1;   # FIXME: WHY?

    # do results
    my $results_hashref = {};
    my $stats = XMLin($paz->stat);
    my $results = XMLin($paz->show($offset, $results_per_page, 'work-title:1'), forcearray => 1);

    # for a grouped search result, the number of hits
    # is the number of groups returned; 'bib_hits' will have
    # the total number of bibs.
    $results_hashref->{'biblioserver'}->{'hits'} = $results->{'merged'}->[0];
    $results_hashref->{'biblioserver'}->{'bib_hits'} = $stats->{'hits'};

    HIT: foreach my $hit (@{ $results->{'hit'} }) {
        my $recid = $hit->{recid}->[0];

        my $work_title = $hit->{'md-work-title'}->[0];
        my $work_author;
        if (exists $hit->{'md-work-author'}) {
            $work_author = $hit->{'md-work-author'}->[0];
        }
        my $group_label = (defined $work_author) ? "$work_title / $work_author" : $work_title;

        my $result_group = {};
        $result_group->{'group_label'} = $group_label;
        $result_group->{'group_merge_key'} = $recid;

        my $count = 1;
        if (exists $hit->{count}) {
            $count = $hit->{count}->[0];
        }
        $result_group->{'group_count'} = $count;

        for (my $i = 0; $i < $count; $i++) {
            # FIXME -- may need to worry about diacritics here
            my $rec = $paz->record($recid, $i);
            push @{ $result_group->{'RECORDS'} }, $rec;
        }

        push @{ $results_hashref->{'biblioserver'}->{'GROUPS'} }, $result_group;
    }

    # pass through facets
    my $termlist_xml = $paz->termlist('author,subject');
    my $terms = XMLin($termlist_xml, forcearray => 1);
    my @facets_loop = ();
    #die Dumper($results);
#    foreach my $list (sort keys %{ $terms->{'list'} }) {
#        my @facets = ();
#        foreach my $facet (sort @{ $terms->{'list'}->{$list}->{'term'} } ) {
#            push @facets, {
#                facet_label_value => $facet->{'name'}->[0],
#            };
#        }
#        push @facets_loop, ( {
#            type_label => $list,
#            facets => \@facets,
#        } );
#    }

    return ( undef, $results_hashref, \@facets_loop );
}

# STOPWORDS
sub _remove_stopwords {
    my ( $operand, $index ) = @_;
    my @stopwords_removed;

    # phrase and exact-qualified indexes shouldn't have stopwords removed
    if ( $index !~ m/phr|ext/ ) {

# remove stopwords from operand : parse all stopwords & remove them (case insensitive)
#       we use IsAlpha unicode definition, to deal correctly with diacritics.
#       otherwise, a French word like "leçon" woudl be split into "le" "çon", "le"
#       is a stopword, we'd get "çon" and wouldn't find anything...
#
		foreach ( keys %{ C4::Context->stopwords } ) {
			next if ( $_ =~ /(and|or|not)/ );    # don't remove operators
			if ( my ($matched) = ($operand =~
				/([^\X\p{isAlnum}]\Q$_\E[^\X\p{isAlnum}]|[^\X\p{isAlnum}]\Q$_\E$|^\Q$_\E[^\X\p{isAlnum}])/gi))
			{
				$operand =~ s/\Q$matched\E/ /gi;
				push @stopwords_removed, $_;
			}
		}
	}
    return ( $operand, \@stopwords_removed );
}

# TRUNCATION
sub _detect_truncation {
    my ( $operand, $index ) = @_;
    my ( @nontruncated, @righttruncated, @lefttruncated, @rightlefttruncated,
        @regexpr );
    $operand =~ s/^ //g;
    my @wordlist = split( /\s/, $operand );
    foreach my $word (@wordlist) {
        if ( $word =~ s/^\*([^\*]+)\*$/$1/ ) {
            push @rightlefttruncated, $word;
        }
        elsif ( $word =~ s/^\*([^\*]+)$/$1/ ) {
            push @lefttruncated, $word;
        }
        elsif ( $word =~ s/^([^\*]+)\*$/$1/ ) {
            push @righttruncated, $word;
        }
        elsif ( index( $word, "*" ) < 0 ) {
            push @nontruncated, $word;
        }
        else {
            push @regexpr, $word;
        }
    }
    return (
        \@nontruncated,       \@righttruncated, \@lefttruncated,
        \@rightlefttruncated, \@regexpr
    );
}

# STEMMING
sub _build_stemmed_operand {
    my ($operand,$lang) = @_;
    require Lingua::Stem::Snowball ;
    my $stemmed_operand;

    # If operand contains a digit, it is almost certainly an identifier, and should
    # not be stemmed.  This is particularly relevant for ISBNs and ISSNs, which
    # can contain the letter "X" - for example, _build_stemmend_operand would reduce
    # "014100018X" to "x ", which for a MARC21 database would bring up irrelevant
    # results (e.g., "23 x 29 cm." from the 300$c).  Bug 2098.
    return $operand if $operand =~ /\d/;

# FIXME: the locale should be set based on the user's language and/or search choice
    #warn "$lang";
    my $stemmer = Lingua::Stem::Snowball->new( lang => $lang,
                                               encoding => "UTF-8" );

    my @words = split( / /, $operand );
    my @stems = $stemmer->stem(\@words);
    for my $stem (@stems) {
        $stemmed_operand .= "$stem";
        $stemmed_operand .= "?"
          unless ( $stem =~ /(and$|or$|not$)/ ) || ( length($stem) < 3 );
        $stemmed_operand .= " ";
    }
    warn "STEMMED OPERAND: $stemmed_operand" if $DEBUG;
    return $stemmed_operand;
}

# FIELD WEIGHTING
sub _build_weighted_query {

# FIELD WEIGHTING - This is largely experimental stuff. What I'm committing works
# pretty well but could work much better if we had a smarter query parser
    my ( $operand, $stemmed_operand, $index ) = @_;
    my $stemming      = C4::Context->preference("QueryStemming")     || 0;
    my $weight_fields = C4::Context->preference("QueryWeightFields") || 0;
    my $fuzzy_enabled = C4::Context->preference("QueryFuzzy")        || 0;

    my $weighted_query .= "(rk=(";    # Specifies that we're applying rank

    # Keyword, or, no index specified
    if ( ( $index eq 'kw' ) || ( !$index ) ) {
        $weighted_query .=
          "Title-cover,ext,r1=\"$operand\"";    # exact title-cover
        $weighted_query .= " or ti,ext,r2=\"$operand\"";    # exact title
        $weighted_query .= " or ti,phr,r3=\"$operand\"";    # phrase title
          #$weighted_query .= " or any,ext,r4=$operand";               # exact any
          #$weighted_query .=" or kw,wrdl,r5=\"$operand\"";            # word list any
        $weighted_query .= " or wrdl,fuzzy,r8=\"$operand\""
          if $fuzzy_enabled;    # add fuzzy, word list
        $weighted_query .= " or wrdl,right-Truncation,r9=\"$stemmed_operand\""
          if ( $stemming and $stemmed_operand )
          ;                     # add stemming, right truncation
        $weighted_query .= " or wrdl,r9=\"$operand\"";

        # embedded sorting: 0 a-z; 1 z-a
        # $weighted_query .= ") or (sort1,aut=1";
    }

    # Barcode searches should skip this process
    elsif ( $index eq 'bc' ) {
        $weighted_query .= "bc=\"$operand\"";
    }

    # Authority-number searches should skip this process
    elsif ( $index eq 'an' ) {
        $weighted_query .= "an=\"$operand\"";
    }

    # If the index already has more than one qualifier, wrap the operand
    # in quotes and pass it back (assumption is that the user knows what they
    # are doing and won't appreciate us mucking up their query
    elsif ( $index =~ ',' ) {
        $weighted_query .= " $index=\"$operand\"";
    }

    #TODO: build better cases based on specific search indexes
    else {
        $weighted_query .= " $index,ext,r1=\"$operand\"";    # exact index
          #$weighted_query .= " or (title-sort-az=0 or $index,startswithnt,st-word,r3=$operand #)";
        $weighted_query .= " or $index,phr,r3=\"$operand\"";    # phrase index
        $weighted_query .=
          " or $index,rt,wrdl,r3=\"$operand\"";    # word list index
    }

    $weighted_query .= "))";                       # close rank specification
    return $weighted_query;
}

=head2 getIndexes

Return an array with available indexes.

=cut

sub getIndexes{
    my @indexes = (
                    # biblio indexes
                    'ab',
                    'Abstract',
                    'acqdate',
                    'allrecords',
                    'an',
                    'Any',
                    'at',
                    'au',
                    'aub',
                    'aud',
                    'audience',
                    'auo',
                    'aut',
                    'Author',
                    'Author-in-order ',
                    'Author-personal-bibliography',
                    'Authority-Number',
                    'authtype',
                    'bc',
                    'biblionumber',
                    'bio',
                    'biography',
                    'callnum',
                    'cfn',
                    'Chronological-subdivision',
                    'cn-bib-source',
                    'cn-bib-sort',
                    'cn-class',
                    'cn-item',
                    'cn-prefix',
                    'cn-suffix',
                    'cpn',
                    'Code-institution',
                    'Conference-name',
                    'Conference-name-heading',
                    'Conference-name-see',
                    'Conference-name-seealso',
                    'Content-type',
                    'Control-number',
                    'copydate',
                    'Corporate-name',
                    'Corporate-name-heading',
                    'Corporate-name-see',
                    'Corporate-name-seealso',
                    'ctype',
                    'date-entered-on-file',
                    'Date-of-acquisition',
                    'Date-of-publication',
                    'Dewey-classification',
                    'extent',
                    'fic',
                    'fiction',
                    'Form-subdivision',
                    'format',
                    'Geographic-subdivision',
                    'he',
                    'Heading',
                    'Heading-use-main-or-added-entry',
                    'Heading-use-series-added-entry ',
                    'Heading-use-subject-added-entry',
                    'Host-item',
                    'id-other',
                    'Illustration-code',
                    'ISBN',
                    'isbn',
                    'ISSN',
                    'issn',
                    'itemtype',
                    'kw',
                    'Koha-Auth-Number',
                    'l-format',
                    'language',
                    'lc-card',
                    'LC-card-number',
                    'lcn',
                    'llength',
                    'ln',
                    'Local-classification',
                    'Local-number',
                    'Match-heading',
                    'Match-heading-see-from',
                    'Material-type',
                    'mc-itemtype',
                    'mc-rtype',
                    'mus',
                    'name',
                    'Name-geographic',
                    'Name-geographic-heading',
                    'Name-geographic-see',
                    'Name-geographic-seealso',
                    'nb',
                    'Note',
                    'notes',
                    'ns',
                    'nt',
                    'pb',
                    'Personal-name',
                    'Personal-name-heading',
                    'Personal-name-see',
                    'Personal-name-seealso',
                    'pl',
                    'Place-publication',
                    'pn',
                    'popularity',
                    'pubdate',
                    'Publisher',
                    'Record-control-number',
                    'rcn',
                    'Record-type',
                    'rtype',
                    'se',
                    'See',
                    'See-also',
                    'sn',
                    'Stock-number',
                    'su',
                    'Subject',
                    'Subject-heading-thesaurus',
                    'Subject-name-personal',
                    'Subject-subdivision',
                    'Summary',
                    'Suppress',
                    'su-geo',
                    'su-na',
                    'su-to',
                    'su-ut',
                    'ut',
                    'Term-genre-form',
                    'Term-genre-form-heading',
                    'Term-genre-form-see',
                    'Term-genre-form-seealso',
                    'ti',
                    'Title',
                    'Title-cover',
                    'Title-series',
                    'Title-uniform',
                    'Title-uniform-heading',
                    'Title-uniform-see',
                    'Title-uniform-seealso',
                    'totalissues',
                    'yr',

                    # items indexes
                    'acqsource',
                    'barcode',
                    'bc',
                    'branch',
                    'ccode',
                    'classification-source',
                    'cn-sort',
                    'coded-location-qualifier',
                    'copynumber',
                    'damaged',
                    'datelastborrowed',
                    'datelastseen',
                    'holdingbranch',
                    'homebranch',
                    'issues',
                    'item',
                    'itemnumber',
                    'itype',
                    'Local-classification',
                    'location',
                    'lost',
                    'materials-specified',
                    'mc-ccode',
                    'mc-itype',
                    'mc-loc',
                    'notforloan',
                    'onloan',
                    'price',
                    'renewals',
                    'replacementprice',
                    'replacementpricedate',
                    'reserves',
                    'restricted',
                    'stack',
                    'uri',
                    'withdrawn',

                    # subject related
                  );

    return \@indexes;
}

=head2 buildQuery

( $error, $query,
$simple_query, $query_cgi,
$query_desc, $limit,
$limit_cgi, $limit_desc,
$stopwords_removed, $query_type ) = buildQuery ( $operators, $operands, $indexes, $limits, $sort_by, $scan, $lang);

Build queries and limits in CCL, CGI, Human,
handle truncation, stemming, field weighting, stopwords, fuzziness, etc.

See verbose embedded documentation.


=cut

sub buildQuery {
    my ( $operators, $operands, $indexes, $limits, $sort_by, $scan, $lang) = @_;

    warn "---------\nEnter buildQuery\n---------" if $DEBUG;

    # dereference
    my @operators = $operators ? @$operators : ();
    my @indexes   = $indexes   ? @$indexes   : ();
    my @operands  = $operands  ? @$operands  : ();
    my @limits    = $limits    ? @$limits    : ();
    my @sort_by   = $sort_by   ? @$sort_by   : ();

    my $stemming         = C4::Context->preference("QueryStemming")        || 0;
    my $auto_truncation  = C4::Context->preference("QueryAutoTruncate")    || 0;
    my $weight_fields    = C4::Context->preference("QueryWeightFields")    || 0;
    my $fuzzy_enabled    = C4::Context->preference("QueryFuzzy")           || 0;
    my $remove_stopwords = C4::Context->preference("QueryRemoveStopwords") || 0;

    # no stemming/weight/fuzzy in NoZebra
    if ( C4::Context->preference("NoZebra") ) {
        $stemming         = 0;
        $weight_fields    = 0;
        $fuzzy_enabled    = 0;
    	$auto_truncation  = 0;
    }

    my $query        = $operands[0];
    my $simple_query = $operands[0];

    # initialize the variables we're passing back
    my $query_cgi;
    my $query_desc;
    my $query_type;

    my $limit;
    my $limit_cgi;
    my $limit_desc;

    my $stopwords_removed;    # flag to determine if stopwords have been removed

    my $cclq;
    my $cclindexes = getIndexes();
    if( $query !~ /\s*ccl=/ ){
        for my $index (@$cclindexes){
            if($query =~ /($index)(,?\w)*[:=]/){
                $cclq = 1;
            }
        }
        $query = "ccl=$query" if($cclq);
    }

# for handling ccl, cql, pqf queries in diagnostic mode, skip the rest of the steps
# DIAGNOSTIC ONLY!!
    if ( $query =~ /^ccl=/ ) {
        my $q=$';
        # This is needed otherwise ccl= and &limit won't work together, and
        # this happens when selecting a subject on the opac-detail page
        if (@limits) {
            $q .= ' and '.join(' and ', @limits);
        }
        return ( undef, $q, $q, "q=ccl=$q", $q, '', '', '', '', 'ccl' );
    }
    if ( $query =~ /^cql=/ ) {
        return ( undef, $', $', "q=cql=$'", $', '', '', '', '', 'cql' );
    }
    if ( $query =~ /^pqf=/ ) {
        return ( undef, $', $', "q=pqf=$'", $', '', '', '', '', 'pqf' );
    }

    # pass nested queries directly
    # FIXME: need better handling of some of these variables in this case
    # Nested queries aren't handled well and this implementation is flawed and causes users to be
    # unable to search for anything containing () commenting out, will be rewritten for 3.4.0
#    if ( $query =~ /(\(|\))/ ) {
#        return (
#            undef,              $query, $simple_query, $query_cgi,
#            $query,             $limit, $limit_cgi,    $limit_desc,
#            $stopwords_removed, 'ccl'
#        );
#    }

# Form-based queries are non-nested and fixed depth, so we can easily modify the incoming
# query operands and indexes and add stemming, truncation, field weighting, etc.
# Once we do so, we'll end up with a value in $query, just like if we had an
# incoming $query from the user
    else {
        $query = ""
          ; # clear it out so we can populate properly with field-weighted, stemmed, etc. query
        my $previous_operand
          ;    # a flag used to keep track if there was a previous query
               # if there was, we can apply the current operator
               # for every operand
        for ( my $i = 0 ; $i <= @operands ; $i++ ) {

            # COMBINE OPERANDS, INDEXES AND OPERATORS
            if ( $operands[$i] ) {
		$operands[$i]=~s/^\s+//;

              # A flag to determine whether or not to add the index to the query
                my $indexes_set;

# If the user is sophisticated enough to specify an index, turn off field weighting, stemming, and stopword handling
                if ( $operands[$i] =~ /(:|=)/ || $scan ) {
                    $weight_fields    = 0;
                    $stemming         = 0;
                    $remove_stopwords = 0;
                }
                my $operand = $operands[$i];
                my $index   = $indexes[$i];

                # Add index-specific attributes
                # Date of Publication
                if ( $index eq 'yr' ) {
                    $index .= ",st-numeric";
                    $indexes_set++;
					$stemming = $auto_truncation = $weight_fields = $fuzzy_enabled = $remove_stopwords = 0;
                }

                # Date of Acquisition
                elsif ( $index eq 'acqdate' ) {
                    $index .= ",st-date-normalized";
                    $indexes_set++;
					$stemming = $auto_truncation = $weight_fields = $fuzzy_enabled = $remove_stopwords = 0;
                }
                # ISBN,ISSN,Standard Number, don't need special treatment
                elsif ( $index eq 'nb' || $index eq 'ns' ) {
                    $indexes_set++;
                    (
                        $stemming,      $auto_truncation,
                        $weight_fields, $fuzzy_enabled,
                        $remove_stopwords
                    ) = ( 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 );

                }

                if(not $index){
                    $index = 'kw';
                }

                # Set default structure attribute (word list)
                my $struct_attr = q{};
                unless ( $indexes_set || !$index || $index =~ /(st-|phr|ext|wrdl)/ ) {
                    $struct_attr = ",wrdl";
                }

                # Some helpful index variants
                my $index_plus       = $index . $struct_attr . ':';
                my $index_plus_comma = $index . $struct_attr . ',';

                # Remove Stopwords
                if ($remove_stopwords) {
                    ( $operand, $stopwords_removed ) =
                      _remove_stopwords( $operand, $index );
                    warn "OPERAND w/out STOPWORDS: >$operand<" if $DEBUG;
                    warn "REMOVED STOPWORDS: @$stopwords_removed"
                      if ( $stopwords_removed && $DEBUG );
                }

                if ($auto_truncation){
					unless ( $index =~ /(st-|phr|ext)/ ) {
						#FIXME only valid with LTR scripts
						$operand=join(" ",map{
											(index($_,"*")>0?"$_":"$_*")
											 }split (/\s+/,$operand));
						warn $operand if $DEBUG;
					}
				}

                # Detect Truncation
                my $truncated_operand;
                my( $nontruncated, $righttruncated, $lefttruncated,
                    $rightlefttruncated, $regexpr
                ) = _detect_truncation( $operand, $index );
                warn
"TRUNCATION: NON:>@$nontruncated< RIGHT:>@$righttruncated< LEFT:>@$lefttruncated< RIGHTLEFT:>@$rightlefttruncated< REGEX:>@$regexpr<"
                  if $DEBUG;

                # Apply Truncation
                if (
                    scalar(@$righttruncated) + scalar(@$lefttruncated) +
                    scalar(@$rightlefttruncated) > 0 )
                {

               # Don't field weight or add the index to the query, we do it here
                    $indexes_set = 1;
                    undef $weight_fields;
                    my $previous_truncation_operand;
                    if (scalar @$nontruncated) {
                        $truncated_operand .= "$index_plus @$nontruncated ";
                        $previous_truncation_operand = 1;
                    }
                    if (scalar @$righttruncated) {
                        $truncated_operand .= "and " if $previous_truncation_operand;
                        $truncated_operand .= $index_plus_comma . "rtrn:@$righttruncated ";
                        $previous_truncation_operand = 1;
                    }
                    if (scalar @$lefttruncated) {
                        $truncated_operand .= "and " if $previous_truncation_operand;
                        $truncated_operand .= $index_plus_comma . "ltrn:@$lefttruncated ";
                        $previous_truncation_operand = 1;
                    }
                    if (scalar @$rightlefttruncated) {
                        $truncated_operand .= "and " if $previous_truncation_operand;
                        $truncated_operand .= $index_plus_comma . "rltrn:@$rightlefttruncated ";
                        $previous_truncation_operand = 1;
                    }
                }
                $operand = $truncated_operand if $truncated_operand;
                warn "TRUNCATED OPERAND: >$truncated_operand<" if $DEBUG;

                # Handle Stemming
                my $stemmed_operand;
                $stemmed_operand = _build_stemmed_operand($operand, $lang)
										if $stemming;

                warn "STEMMED OPERAND: >$stemmed_operand<" if $DEBUG;

                # Handle Field Weighting
                my $weighted_operand;
                if ($weight_fields) {
                    $weighted_operand = _build_weighted_query( $operand, $stemmed_operand, $index );
                    $operand = $weighted_operand;
                    $indexes_set = 1;
                }

                warn "FIELD WEIGHTED OPERAND: >$weighted_operand<" if $DEBUG;

                # If there's a previous operand, we need to add an operator
                if ($previous_operand) {

                    # User-specified operator
                    if ( $operators[ $i - 1 ] ) {
                        $query     .= " $operators[$i-1] ";
                        $query     .= " $index_plus " unless $indexes_set;
                        $query     .= " $operand";
                        $query_cgi .= "&op=$operators[$i-1]";
                        $query_cgi .= "&idx=$index" if $index;
                        $query_cgi .= "&q=$operands[$i]" if $operands[$i];
                        $query_desc .=
                          " $operators[$i-1] $index_plus $operands[$i]";
                    }

                    # Default operator is and
                    else {
                        $query      .= " and ";
                        $query      .= "$index_plus " unless $indexes_set;
                        $query      .= "$operand";
                        $query_cgi  .= "&op=and&idx=$index" if $index;
                        $query_cgi  .= "&q=$operands[$i]" if $operands[$i];
                        $query_desc .= " and $index_plus $operands[$i]";
                    }
                }

                # There isn't a pervious operand, don't need an operator
                else {

                    # Field-weighted queries already have indexes set
                    $query .= " $index_plus " unless $indexes_set;
                    $query .= $operand;
                    $query_desc .= " $index_plus $operands[$i]";
                    $query_cgi  .= "&idx=$index" if $index;
                    $query_cgi  .= "&q=$operands[$i]" if $operands[$i];
                    $previous_operand = 1;
                }
            }    #/if $operands
        }    # /for
    }
    warn "QUERY BEFORE LIMITS: >$query<" if $DEBUG;

    # add limits
    my $group_OR_limits;
    my $availability_limit;
    foreach my $this_limit (@limits) {
        if ( $this_limit =~ /available/ ) {
#
## 'available' is defined as (items.onloan is NULL) and (items.itemlost = 0)
## In English:
## all records not indexed in the onloan register (zebra) and all records with a value of lost equal to 0
            $availability_limit .=
"( ( allrecords,AlwaysMatches='' not onloan,AlwaysMatches='') and (lost,st-numeric=0) )"; #or ( allrecords,AlwaysMatches='' not lost,AlwaysMatches='')) )";
            $limit_cgi  .= "&limit=available";
            $limit_desc .= "";
        }

        # group_OR_limits, prefixed by mc-
        # OR every member of the group
        elsif ( $this_limit =~ /mc/ ) {
        
            if ( $this_limit =~ /mc-ccode:/ ) {
                # in case the mc-ccode value has complicating chars like ()'s inside it we wrap in quotes
                $this_limit =~ tr/"//d;
                my ($k,$v) = split(/:/, $this_limit,2);
                $this_limit = $k.":\"".$v."\"";
            }

            $group_OR_limits .= " or " if $group_OR_limits;
            $limit_desc      .= " or " if $group_OR_limits;
            $group_OR_limits .= "$this_limit";
            $limit_cgi       .= "&limit=$this_limit";
            $limit_desc      .= " $this_limit";
        }

        # Regular old limits
        else {
            $limit .= " and " if $limit || $query;
            $limit      .= "$this_limit";
            $limit_cgi  .= "&limit=$this_limit";
            if ($this_limit =~ /^branch:(.+)/) {
                my $branchcode = $1;
                my $branchname = GetBranchName($branchcode);
                if (defined $branchname) {
                    $limit_desc .= " branch:$branchname";
                } else {
                    $limit_desc .= " $this_limit";
                }
            } else {
                $limit_desc .= " $this_limit";
            }
        }
    }
    if ($group_OR_limits) {
        $limit .= " and " if ( $query || $limit );
        $limit .= "($group_OR_limits)";
    }
    if ($availability_limit) {
        $limit .= " and " if ( $query || $limit );
        $limit .= "($availability_limit)";
    }

    # Normalize the query and limit strings
    # This is flawed , means we can't search anything with : in it
    # if user wants to do ccl or cql, start the query with that
#    $query =~ s/:/=/g;
    $query =~ s/(?<=(ti|au|pb|su|an|kw|mc)):/=/g;
    $query =~ s/(?<=(wrdl)):/=/g;
    $query =~ s/(?<=(trn|phr)):/=/g;
    $limit =~ s/:/=/g;
    for ( $query, $query_desc, $limit, $limit_desc ) {
        s/  +/ /g;    # remove extra spaces
        s/^ //g;     # remove any beginning spaces
        s/ $//g;     # remove any ending spaces
        s/==/=/g;    # remove double == from query
    }
    $query_cgi =~ s/^&//; # remove unnecessary & from beginning of the query cgi

    for ($query_cgi,$simple_query) {
        s/"//g;
    }
    # append the limit to the query
    $query .= " " . $limit;

    # Warnings if DEBUG
    if ($DEBUG) {
        warn "QUERY:" . $query;
        warn "QUERY CGI:" . $query_cgi;
        warn "QUERY DESC:" . $query_desc;
        warn "LIMIT:" . $limit;
        warn "LIMIT CGI:" . $limit_cgi;
        warn "LIMIT DESC:" . $limit_desc;
        warn "---------\nLeave buildQuery\n---------";
    }
    return (
        undef,              $query, $simple_query, $query_cgi,
        $query_desc,        $limit, $limit_cgi,    $limit_desc,
        $stopwords_removed, $query_type
    );
}

=head2 searchResults

  my @search_results = searchResults($search_context, $searchdesc, $hits, 
                                     $results_per_page, $offset, $scan, 
                                     @marcresults, $hidelostitems);

Format results in a form suitable for passing to the template

=cut

# IMO this subroutine is pretty messy still -- it's responsible for
# building the HTML output for the template
sub searchResults {
    my ( $search_context, $searchdesc, $hits, $results_per_page, $offset, $scan, @marcresults, $hidelostitems ) = @_;
    my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
    my @newresults;

    $search_context = 'opac' unless $search_context eq 'opac' or $search_context eq 'intranet';

    #Build branchnames hash
    #find branchname
    #get branch information.....
    my %branches;
    my $bsth =$dbh->prepare("SELECT branchcode,branchname FROM branches"); # FIXME : use C4::Branch::GetBranches
    $bsth->execute();
    while ( my $bdata = $bsth->fetchrow_hashref ) {
        $branches{ $bdata->{'branchcode'} } = $bdata->{'branchname'};
    }
# FIXME - We build an authorised values hash here, using the default framework
# though it is possible to have different authvals for different fws.

    my $shelflocations =GetKohaAuthorisedValues('items.location','');

    # get notforloan authorised value list (see $shelflocations  FIXME)
    my $notforloan_authorised_value = GetAuthValCode('items.notforloan','');

    #Build itemtype hash
    #find itemtype & itemtype image
    my %itemtypes;
    $bsth =
      $dbh->prepare(
        "SELECT itemtype,description,imageurl,summary,notforloan FROM itemtypes"
      );
    $bsth->execute();
    while ( my $bdata = $bsth->fetchrow_hashref ) {
		foreach (qw(description imageurl summary notforloan)) {
        	$itemtypes{ $bdata->{'itemtype'} }->{$_} = $bdata->{$_};
		}
    }

    #search item field code
    my $sth =
      $dbh->prepare(
"SELECT tagfield FROM marc_subfield_structure WHERE kohafield LIKE 'items.itemnumber'"
      );
    $sth->execute;
    my ($itemtag) = $sth->fetchrow;

    ## find column names of items related to MARC
    my $sth2 = $dbh->prepare("SHOW COLUMNS FROM items");
    $sth2->execute;
    my %subfieldstosearch;
    while ( ( my $column ) = $sth2->fetchrow ) {
        my ( $tagfield, $tagsubfield ) =
          &GetMarcFromKohaField( "items." . $column, "" );
        $subfieldstosearch{$column} = $tagsubfield;
    }

    # handle which records to actually retrieve
    my $times;
    if ( $hits && $offset + $results_per_page <= $hits ) {
        $times = $offset + $results_per_page;
    }
    else {
        $times = $hits;	 # FIXME: if $hits is undefined, why do we want to equal it?
    }

	my $marcflavour = C4::Context->preference("marcflavour");
    # We get the biblionumber position in MARC
    my ($bibliotag,$bibliosubf)=GetMarcFromKohaField('biblio.biblionumber','');
    my $fw;

    # loop through all of the records we've retrieved
    for ( my $i = $offset ; $i <= $times - 1 ; $i++ ) {
        my $marcrecord = MARC::File::USMARC::decode( $marcresults[$i] );
        $fw = $scan
             ? undef
             : $bibliotag < 10
               ? GetFrameworkCode($marcrecord->field($bibliotag)->data)
               : GetFrameworkCode($marcrecord->subfield($bibliotag,$bibliosubf));
        my $oldbiblio = TransformMarcToKoha( $dbh, $marcrecord, $fw );
        $oldbiblio->{subtitle} = GetRecordValue('subtitle', $marcrecord, $fw);
        $oldbiblio->{result_number} = $i + 1;

        # add imageurl to itemtype if there is one
        $oldbiblio->{imageurl} = getitemtypeimagelocation( $search_context, $itemtypes{ $oldbiblio->{itemtype} }->{imageurl} );

        $oldbiblio->{'authorised_value_images'}  = C4::Items::get_authorised_value_images( C4::Biblio::get_biblio_authorised_values( $oldbiblio->{'biblionumber'}, $marcrecord ) );
		$oldbiblio->{normalized_upc}  = GetNormalizedUPC(       $marcrecord,$marcflavour);
		$oldbiblio->{normalized_ean}  = GetNormalizedEAN(       $marcrecord,$marcflavour);
		$oldbiblio->{normalized_oclc} = GetNormalizedOCLCNumber($marcrecord,$marcflavour);
		$oldbiblio->{normalized_isbn} = GetNormalizedISBN(undef,$marcrecord,$marcflavour);
		$oldbiblio->{content_identifier_exists} = 1 if ($oldbiblio->{normalized_isbn} or $oldbiblio->{normalized_oclc} or $oldbiblio->{normalized_ean} or $oldbiblio->{normalized_upc});

		# edition information, if any
        $oldbiblio->{edition} = $oldbiblio->{editionstatement};
		$oldbiblio->{description} = $itemtypes{ $oldbiblio->{itemtype} }->{description};
 # Build summary if there is one (the summary is defined in the itemtypes table)
 # FIXME: is this used anywhere, I think it can be commented out? -- JF
        if ( $itemtypes{ $oldbiblio->{itemtype} }->{summary} ) {
            my $summary = $itemtypes{ $oldbiblio->{itemtype} }->{summary};
            my @fields  = $marcrecord->fields();

            my $newsummary;
            foreach my $line ( "$summary\n" =~ /(.*)\n/g ){
                my $tags = {};
                foreach my $tag ( $line =~ /\[(\d{3}[\w|\d])\]/ ) {
                    $tag =~ /(.{3})(.)/;
                    if($marcrecord->field($1)){
                        my @abc = $marcrecord->field($1)->subfield($2);
                        $tags->{$tag} = $#abc + 1 ;
                    }
                }

                # We catch how many times to repeat this line
                my $max = 0;
                foreach my $tag (keys(%$tags)){
                    $max = $tags->{$tag} if($tags->{$tag} > $max);
                 }

                # we replace, and repeat each line
                for (my $i = 0 ; $i < $max ; $i++){
                    my $newline = $line;

                    foreach my $tag ( $newline =~ /\[(\d{3}[\w|\d])\]/g ) {
                        $tag =~ /(.{3})(.)/;

                        if($marcrecord->field($1)){
                            my @repl = $marcrecord->field($1)->subfield($2);
                            my $subfieldvalue = $repl[$i];

                            if (! utf8::is_utf8($subfieldvalue)) {
                                utf8::decode($subfieldvalue);
                            }

                             $newline =~ s/\[$tag\]/$subfieldvalue/g;
                        }
                    }
                    $newsummary .= "$newline\n";
                }
            }

            $newsummary =~ s/\[(.*?)]//g;
            $newsummary =~ s/\n/<br\/>/g;
            $oldbiblio->{summary} = $newsummary;
        }

        # Pull out the items fields
        my @fields = $marcrecord->field($itemtag);

        # Setting item statuses for display
        my @available_items_loop;
        my @onloan_items_loop;
        my @other_items_loop;

        my $available_items;
        my $onloan_items;
        my $other_items;

        my $ordered_count         = 0;
        my $available_count       = 0;
        my $onloan_count          = 0;
        my $longoverdue_count     = 0;
        my $other_count           = 0;
        my $wthdrawn_count        = 0;
        my $itemlost_count        = 0;
        my $itembinding_count     = 0;
        my $itemdamaged_count     = 0;
        my $item_in_transit_count = 0;
        my $can_place_holds       = 0;
	my $item_onhold_count     = 0;
        my $items_count           = scalar(@fields);
        my $maxitems =
          ( C4::Context->preference('maxItemsinSearchResults') )
          ? C4::Context->preference('maxItemsinSearchResults') - 1
          : 1;

        # loop through every item
        foreach my $field (@fields) {
            my $item;

            # populate the items hash
            foreach my $code ( keys %subfieldstosearch ) {
                $item->{$code} = $field->subfield( $subfieldstosearch{$code} );
            }

			my $hbranch     = C4::Context->preference('HomeOrHoldingBranch') eq 'homebranch' ? 'homebranch'    : 'holdingbranch';
			my $otherbranch = C4::Context->preference('HomeOrHoldingBranch') eq 'homebranch' ? 'holdingbranch' : 'homebranch';
            # set item's branch name, use HomeOrHoldingBranch syspref first, fall back to the other one
            if ($item->{$hbranch}) {
                $item->{'branchname'} = $branches{$item->{$hbranch}};
            }
            elsif ($item->{$otherbranch}) {	# Last resort
                $item->{'branchname'} = $branches{$item->{$otherbranch}};
            }

			my $prefix = $item->{$hbranch} . '--' . $item->{location} . $item->{itype} . $item->{itemcallnumber};
# For each grouping of items (onloan, available, unavailable), we build a key to store relevant info about that item
            if ( $item->{onloan} ) {
                $onloan_count++;
				my $key = $prefix . $item->{onloan} . $item->{barcode};
				$onloan_items->{$key}->{due_date} = format_date($item->{onloan});
				$onloan_items->{$key}->{count}++ if $item->{$hbranch};
				$onloan_items->{$key}->{branchname} = $item->{branchname};
				$onloan_items->{$key}->{location} = $shelflocations->{ $item->{location} };
				$onloan_items->{$key}->{itemcallnumber} = $item->{itemcallnumber};
				$onloan_items->{$key}->{imageurl} = getitemtypeimagelocation( $search_context, $itemtypes{ $item->{itype} }->{imageurl} );
                # if something's checked out and lost, mark it as 'long overdue'
                if ( $item->{itemlost} ) {
                    $onloan_items->{$prefix}->{longoverdue}++;
                    $longoverdue_count++;
                } else {	# can place holds as long as item isn't lost
                    $can_place_holds = 1;
                }
            }

         # items not on loan, but still unavailable ( lost, withdrawn, damaged )
            else {

                # item is on order
                if ( $item->{notforloan} == -1 ) {
                    $ordered_count++;
                }

                # is item in transit?
                my $transfertwhen = '';
                my ($transfertfrom, $transfertto);

                # is item on the reserve shelf?
		my $reservestatus = 0;
		my $reserveitem;

                unless ($item->{wthdrawn}
                        || $item->{itemlost}
                        || $item->{damaged}
                        || $item->{notforloan}
                        || $items_count > 20) {

                    # A couple heuristics to limit how many times
                    # we query the database for item transfer information, sacrificing
                    # accuracy in some cases for speed;
                    #
                    # 1. don't query if item has one of the other statuses
                    # 2. don't check transit status if the bib has
                    #    more than 20 items
                    #
                    # FIXME: to avoid having the query the database like this, and to make
                    #        the in transit status count as unavailable for search limiting,
                    #        should map transit status to record indexed in Zebra.
                    #
                    ($transfertwhen, $transfertfrom, $transfertto) = C4::Circulation::GetTransfers($item->{itemnumber});
		    ($reservestatus, $reserveitem) = C4::Reserves::CheckReserves($item->{itemnumber});
                }

                # item is withdrawn, lost or damaged
                if (   $item->{wthdrawn}
                    || $item->{itemlost}
                    || $item->{damaged}
                    || $item->{notforloan} > 0
		    || $reservestatus eq 'Waiting'
                    || ($transfertwhen ne ''))
                {
                    $wthdrawn_count++        if $item->{wthdrawn};
                    $itemlost_count++        if $item->{itemlost};
                    $itemdamaged_count++     if $item->{damaged};
                    $item_in_transit_count++ if $transfertwhen ne '';
		    $item_onhold_count++     if $reservestatus eq 'Waiting';
                    $item->{status} = $item->{wthdrawn} . "-" . $item->{itemlost} . "-" . $item->{damaged} . "-" . $item->{notforloan};
                    $other_count++;

					my $key = $prefix . $item->{status};
					foreach (qw(wthdrawn itemlost damaged branchname itemcallnumber)) {
                    	$other_items->{$key}->{$_} = $item->{$_};
					}
                    $other_items->{$key}->{intransit} = ($transfertwhen ne '') ? 1 : 0;
                    $other_items->{$key}->{onhold} = ($reservestatus) ? 1 : 0;
					$other_items->{$key}->{notforloan} = GetAuthorisedValueDesc('','',$item->{notforloan},'','',$notforloan_authorised_value) if $notforloan_authorised_value;
					$other_items->{$key}->{count}++ if $item->{$hbranch};
					$other_items->{$key}->{location} = $shelflocations->{ $item->{location} };
					$other_items->{$key}->{imageurl} = getitemtypeimagelocation( $search_context, $itemtypes{ $item->{itype} }->{imageurl} );
                }
                # item is available
                else {
                    $can_place_holds = 1;
                    $available_count++;
					$available_items->{$prefix}->{count}++ if $item->{$hbranch};
					foreach (qw(branchname itemcallnumber)) {
                    	$available_items->{$prefix}->{$_} = $item->{$_};
					}
					$available_items->{$prefix}->{location} = $shelflocations->{ $item->{location} };
					$available_items->{$prefix}->{imageurl} = getitemtypeimagelocation( $search_context, $itemtypes{ $item->{itype} }->{imageurl} );
                }
            }
        }    # notforloan, item level and biblioitem level
        my ( $availableitemscount, $onloanitemscount, $otheritemscount );
        $maxitems =
          ( C4::Context->preference('maxItemsinSearchResults') )
          ? C4::Context->preference('maxItemsinSearchResults') - 1
          : 1;
        for my $key ( sort keys %$onloan_items ) {
            (++$onloanitemscount > $maxitems) and last;
            push @onloan_items_loop, $onloan_items->{$key};
        }
        for my $key ( sort keys %$other_items ) {
            (++$otheritemscount > $maxitems) and last;
            push @other_items_loop, $other_items->{$key};
        }
        for my $key ( sort keys %$available_items ) {
            (++$availableitemscount > $maxitems) and last;
            push @available_items_loop, $available_items->{$key}
        }

        # XSLT processing of some stuff
	use C4::Charset;
	SetUTF8Flag($marcrecord);
	$debug && warn $marcrecord->as_formatted;
        if (!$scan && $search_context eq 'opac' && C4::Context->preference("OPACXSLTResultsDisplay")) {
            # FIXME note that XSLTResultsDisplay (use of XSLT to format staff interface bib search results)
            # is not implemented yet
            $oldbiblio->{XSLTResultsRecord} = XSLTParse4Display($oldbiblio->{biblionumber}, $marcrecord, 'Results', 
                                                                $search_context, 1);
                # the last parameter tells Koha to clean up the problematic ampersand entities that Zebra outputs

        }

        # if biblio level itypes are used and itemtype is notforloan, it can't be reserved either
        if (!C4::Context->preference("item-level_itypes")) {
            if ($itemtypes{ $oldbiblio->{itemtype} }->{notforloan}) {
                $can_place_holds = 0;
            }
        }
        $oldbiblio->{norequests} = 1 unless $can_place_holds;
        $oldbiblio->{itemsplural}          = 1 if $items_count > 1;
        $oldbiblio->{items_count}          = $items_count;
        $oldbiblio->{available_items_loop} = \@available_items_loop;
        $oldbiblio->{onloan_items_loop}    = \@onloan_items_loop;
        $oldbiblio->{other_items_loop}     = \@other_items_loop;
        $oldbiblio->{availablecount}       = $available_count;
        $oldbiblio->{availableplural}      = 1 if $available_count > 1;
        $oldbiblio->{onloancount}          = $onloan_count;
        $oldbiblio->{onloanplural}         = 1 if $onloan_count > 1;
        $oldbiblio->{othercount}           = $other_count;
        $oldbiblio->{otherplural}          = 1 if $other_count > 1;
        $oldbiblio->{wthdrawncount}        = $wthdrawn_count;
        $oldbiblio->{itemlostcount}        = $itemlost_count;
        $oldbiblio->{damagedcount}         = $itemdamaged_count;
        $oldbiblio->{intransitcount}       = $item_in_transit_count;
        $oldbiblio->{onholdcount}          = $item_onhold_count;
        $oldbiblio->{orderedcount}         = $ordered_count;
        $oldbiblio->{isbn} =~
          s/-//g;    # deleting - in isbn to enable amazon content
        push( @newresults, $oldbiblio )
            if(not $hidelostitems
               or (($items_count > $itemlost_count )
                    && $hidelostitems));
    }

    return @newresults;
}

=head2 SearchAcquisitions
    Search for acquisitions
=cut

sub SearchAcquisitions{
    my ($datebegin, $dateend, $itemtypes,$criteria, $orderby) = @_;

    my $dbh=C4::Context->dbh;
    # Variable initialization
    my $str=qq|
    SELECT marcxml
    FROM biblio
    LEFT JOIN biblioitems ON biblioitems.biblionumber=biblio.biblionumber
    LEFT JOIN items ON items.biblionumber=biblio.biblionumber
    WHERE dateaccessioned BETWEEN ? AND ?
    |;

    my (@params,@loopcriteria);

    push @params, $datebegin->output("iso");
    push @params, $dateend->output("iso");

    if (scalar(@$itemtypes)>0 and $criteria ne "itemtype" ){
        if(C4::Context->preference("item-level_itypes")){
            $str .= "AND items.itype IN (?".( ',?' x scalar @$itemtypes - 1 ).") ";
        }else{
            $str .= "AND biblioitems.itemtype IN (?".( ',?' x scalar @$itemtypes - 1 ).") ";
        }
        push @params, @$itemtypes;
    }

    if ($criteria =~/itemtype/){
        if(C4::Context->preference("item-level_itypes")){
            $str .= "AND items.itype=? ";
        }else{
            $str .= "AND biblioitems.itemtype=? ";
        }

        if(scalar(@$itemtypes) == 0){
            my $itypes = GetItemTypes();
            for my $key (keys %$itypes){
                push @$itemtypes, $key;
            }
        }

        @loopcriteria= @$itemtypes;
    }elsif ($criteria=~/itemcallnumber/){
        $str .= "AND (items.itemcallnumber LIKE CONCAT(?,'%')
                 OR items.itemcallnumber is NULL
                 OR items.itemcallnumber = '')";

        @loopcriteria = ("AA".."ZZ", "") unless (scalar(@loopcriteria)>0);
    }else {
        $str .= "AND biblio.title LIKE CONCAT(?,'%') ";
        @loopcriteria = ("A".."z") unless (scalar(@loopcriteria)>0);
    }

    if ($orderby =~ /date_desc/){
        $str.=" ORDER BY dateaccessioned DESC";
    } else {
        $str.=" ORDER BY title";
    }

    my $qdataacquisitions=$dbh->prepare($str);

    my @loopacquisitions;
    foreach my $value(@loopcriteria){
        push @params,$value;
        my %cell;
        $cell{"title"}=$value;
        $cell{"titlecode"}=$value;

        eval{$qdataacquisitions->execute(@params);};

        if ($@){ warn "recentacquisitions Error :$@";}
        else {
            my @loopdata;
            while (my $data=$qdataacquisitions->fetchrow_hashref){
                push @loopdata, {"summary"=>GetBiblioSummary( $data->{'marcxml'} ) };
            }
            $cell{"loopdata"}=\@loopdata;
        }
        push @loopacquisitions,\%cell if (scalar(@{$cell{loopdata}})>0);
        pop @params;
    }
    $qdataacquisitions->finish;
    return \@loopacquisitions;
}
#----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# Non-Zebra GetRecords#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------

=head2 NZgetRecords

  NZgetRecords has the same API as zera getRecords, even if some parameters are not managed

=cut

sub NZgetRecords {
    my (
        $query,            $simple_query, $sort_by_ref,    $servers_ref,
        $results_per_page, $offset,       $expanded_facet, $branches,
        $query_type,       $scan
    ) = @_;
    warn "query =$query" if $DEBUG;
    my $result = NZanalyse($query);
    warn "results =$result" if $DEBUG;
    return ( undef,
        NZorder( $result, @$sort_by_ref[0], $results_per_page, $offset ),
        undef );
}

=head2 NZanalyse

  NZanalyse : get a CQL string as parameter, and returns a list of biblionumber;title,biblionumber;title,...
  the list is built from an inverted index in the nozebra SQL table
  note that title is here only for convenience : the sorting will be very fast when requested on title
  if the sorting is requested on something else, we will have to reread all results, and that may be longer.

=cut

sub NZanalyse {
    my ( $string, $server ) = @_;
#     warn "---------"       if $DEBUG;
    warn " NZanalyse" if $DEBUG;
#     warn "---------"       if $DEBUG;

 # $server contains biblioserver or authorities, depending on what we search on.
 #warn "querying : $string on $server";
    $server = 'biblioserver' unless $server;

# if we have a ", replace the content to discard temporarily any and/or/not inside
    my $commacontent;
    if ( $string =~ /"/ ) {
        $string =~ s/"(.*?)"/__X__/;
        $commacontent = $1;
        warn "commacontent : $commacontent" if $DEBUG;
    }

# split the query string in 3 parts : X AND Y means : $left="X", $operand="AND" and $right="Y"
# then, call again NZanalyse with $left and $right
# (recursive until we find a leaf (=> something without and/or/not)
# delete repeated operator... Would then go in infinite loop
    while ( $string =~ s/( and| or| not| AND| OR| NOT)\1/$1/g ) {
    }

    #process parenthesis before.
    if ( $string =~ /^\s*\((.*)\)(( and | or | not | AND | OR | NOT )(.*))?/ ) {
        my $left     = $1;
        my $right    = $4;
        my $operator = lc($3);   # FIXME: and/or/not are operators, not operands
        warn
"dealing w/parenthesis before recursive sub call. left :$left operator:$operator right:$right"
          if $DEBUG;
        my $leftresult = NZanalyse( $left, $server );
        if ($operator) {
            my $rightresult = NZanalyse( $right, $server );

            # OK, we have the results for right and left part of the query
            # depending of operand, intersect, union or exclude both lists
            # to get a result list
            if ( $operator eq ' and ' ) {
                return NZoperatorAND($leftresult,$rightresult);
            }
            elsif ( $operator eq ' or ' ) {

                # just merge the 2 strings
                return $leftresult . $rightresult;
            }
            elsif ( $operator eq ' not ' ) {
                return NZoperatorNOT($leftresult,$rightresult);
            }
        }
        else {
# this error is impossible, because of the regexp that isolate the operand, but just in case...
            return $leftresult;
        }
    }
    warn "string :" . $string if $DEBUG;
    my $left = "";
    my $right = "";
    my $operator = "";
    if ($string =~ /(.*?)( and | or | not | AND | OR | NOT )(.*)/) {
        $left     = $1;
        $right    = $3;
        $operator = lc($2);    # FIXME: and/or/not are operators, not operands
    }
    warn "no parenthesis. left : $left operator: $operator right: $right"
      if $DEBUG;

    # it's not a leaf, we have a and/or/not
    if ($operator) {

        # reintroduce comma content if needed
        $right =~ s/__X__/"$commacontent"/ if $commacontent;
        $left  =~ s/__X__/"$commacontent"/ if $commacontent;
        warn "node : $left / $operator / $right\n" if $DEBUG;
        my $leftresult  = NZanalyse( $left,  $server );
        my $rightresult = NZanalyse( $right, $server );
        warn " leftresult : $leftresult" if $DEBUG;
        warn " rightresult : $rightresult" if $DEBUG;
        # OK, we have the results for right and left part of the query
        # depending of operand, intersect, union or exclude both lists
        # to get a result list
        if ( $operator eq ' and ' ) {
            return NZoperatorAND($leftresult,$rightresult);
        }
        elsif ( $operator eq ' or ' ) {

            # just merge the 2 strings
            return $leftresult . $rightresult;
        }
        elsif ( $operator eq ' not ' ) {
            return NZoperatorNOT($leftresult,$rightresult);
        }
        else {

# this error is impossible, because of the regexp that isolate the operand, but just in case...
            die "error : operand unknown : $operator for $string";
        }

        # it's a leaf, do the real SQL query and return the result
    }
    else {
        $string =~ s/__X__/"$commacontent"/ if $commacontent;
        $string =~ s/-|\.|\?|,|;|!|'|\(|\)|\[|\]|{|}|"|&|\+|\*|\// /g;
        #remove trailing blank at the beginning
        $string =~ s/^ //g;
        warn "leaf:$string" if $DEBUG;

        # parse the string in in operator/operand/value again
        my $left = "";
        my $operator = "";
        my $right = "";
        if ($string =~ /(.*)(>=|<=)(.*)/) {
            $left     = $1;
            $operator = $2;
            $right    = $3;
        } else {
            $left = $string;
        }
#         warn "handling leaf... left:$left operator:$operator right:$right"
#           if $DEBUG;
        unless ($operator) {
            if ($string =~ /(.*)(>|<|=)(.*)/) {
                $left     = $1;
                $operator = $2;
                $right    = $3;
                warn
    "handling unless (operator)... left:$left operator:$operator right:$right"
                if $DEBUG;
            } else {
                $left = $string;
            }
        }
        my $results;

# strip adv, zebra keywords, currently not handled in nozebra: wrdl, ext, phr...
        $left =~ s/ .*$//;

        # automatic replace for short operators
        $left = 'title'            if $left =~ '^ti$';
        $left = 'author'           if $left =~ '^au$';
        $left = 'publisher'        if $left =~ '^pb$';
        $left = 'subject'          if $left =~ '^su$';
        $left = 'koha-Auth-Number' if $left =~ '^an$';
        $left = 'keyword'          if $left =~ '^kw$';
        $left = 'itemtype'         if $left =~ '^mc$'; # Fix for Bug 2599 - Search limits not working for NoZebra
        warn "handling leaf... left:$left operator:$operator right:$right" if $DEBUG;
        my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
        if ( $operator && $left ne 'keyword' ) {
            #do a specific search
            $operator = 'LIKE' if $operator eq '=' and $right =~ /%/;
            my $sth = $dbh->prepare(
"SELECT biblionumbers,value FROM nozebra WHERE server=? AND indexname=? AND value $operator ?"
            );
            warn "$left / $operator / $right\n" if $DEBUG;

            # split each word, query the DB and build the biblionumbers result
            #sanitizing leftpart
            $left =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//;
            foreach ( split / /, $right ) {
                my $biblionumbers;
                $_ =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//;
                next unless $_;
                warn "EXECUTE : $server, $left, $_" if $DEBUG;
                $sth->execute( $server, $left, $_ )
                  or warn "execute failed: $!";
                while ( my ( $line, $value ) = $sth->fetchrow ) {

# if we are dealing with a numeric value, use only numeric results (in case of >=, <=, > or <)
# otherwise, fill the result
                    $biblionumbers .= $line
                      unless ( $right =~ /^\d+$/ && $value =~ /\D/ );
                    warn "result : $value "
                      . ( $right  =~ /\d/ ) . "=="
                      . ( $value =~ /\D/?$line:"" ) if $DEBUG;         #= $line";
                }

# do a AND with existing list if there is one, otherwise, use the biblionumbers list as 1st result list
                if ($results) {
                    warn "NZAND" if $DEBUG;
                    $results = NZoperatorAND($biblionumbers,$results);
                } else {
                    $results = $biblionumbers;
                }
            }
        }
        else {
      #do a complete search (all indexes), if index='kw' do complete search too.
            my $sth = $dbh->prepare(
"SELECT biblionumbers FROM nozebra WHERE server=? AND value LIKE ?"
            );

            # split each word, query the DB and build the biblionumbers result
            foreach ( split / /, $string ) {
                next if C4::Context->stopwords->{ uc($_) };   # skip if stopword
                warn "search on all indexes on $_" if $DEBUG;
                my $biblionumbers;
                next unless $_;
                $sth->execute( $server, $_ );
                while ( my $line = $sth->fetchrow ) {
                    $biblionumbers .= $line;
                }

# do a AND with existing list if there is one, otherwise, use the biblionumbers list as 1st result list
                if ($results) {
                    $results = NZoperatorAND($biblionumbers,$results);
                }
                else {
                    warn "NEW RES for $_ = $biblionumbers" if $DEBUG;
                    $results = $biblionumbers;
                }
            }
        }
        warn "return : $results for LEAF : $string" if $DEBUG;
        return $results;
    }
    warn "---------\nLeave NZanalyse\n---------" if $DEBUG;
}

sub NZoperatorAND{
    my ($rightresult, $leftresult)=@_;

    my @leftresult = split /;/, $leftresult;
    warn " @leftresult / $rightresult \n" if $DEBUG;

    #             my @rightresult = split /;/,$leftresult;
    my $finalresult;

# parse the left results, and if the biblionumber exist in the right result, save it in finalresult
# the result is stored twice, to have the same weight for AND than OR.
# example : TWO : 61,61,64,121 (two is twice in the biblio #61) / TOWER : 61,64,130
# result : 61,61,61,61,64,64 for two AND tower : 61 has more weight than 64
    foreach (@leftresult) {
        my $value = $_;
        my $countvalue;
        ( $value, $countvalue ) = ( $1, $2 ) if ($value=~/(.*)-(\d+)$/);
        if ( $rightresult =~ /\Q$value\E-(\d+);/ ) {
            $countvalue = ( $1 > $countvalue ? $countvalue : $1 );
            $finalresult .=
                "$value-$countvalue;$value-$countvalue;";
        }
    }
    warn "NZAND DONE : $finalresult \n" if $DEBUG;
    return $finalresult;
}

sub NZoperatorOR{
    my ($rightresult, $leftresult)=@_;
    return $rightresult.$leftresult;
}

sub NZoperatorNOT{
    my ($leftresult, $rightresult)=@_;

    my @leftresult = split /;/, $leftresult;

    #             my @rightresult = split /;/,$leftresult;
    my $finalresult;
    foreach (@leftresult) {
        my $value=$_;
        $value=$1 if $value=~m/(.*)-\d+$/;
        unless ($rightresult =~ "$value-") {
            $finalresult .= "$_;";
        }
    }
    return $finalresult;
}

=head2 NZorder

  $finalresult = NZorder($biblionumbers, $ordering,$results_per_page,$offset);

  TODO :: Description

=cut

sub NZorder {
    my ( $biblionumbers, $ordering, $results_per_page, $offset ) = @_;
    warn "biblionumbers = $biblionumbers and ordering = $ordering\n" if $DEBUG;

    # order title asc by default
    #     $ordering = '1=36 <i' unless $ordering;
    $results_per_page = 20 unless $results_per_page;
    $offset           = 0  unless $offset;
    my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;

    #
    # order by POPULARITY
    #
    if ( $ordering =~ /popularity/ ) {
        my %result;
        my %popularity;

        # popularity is not in MARC record, it's builded from a specific query
        my $sth =
          $dbh->prepare("select sum(issues) from items where biblionumber=?");
        foreach ( split /;/, $biblionumbers ) {
            my ( $biblionumber, $title ) = split /,/, $_;
            $result{$biblionumber} = GetMarcBiblio($biblionumber);
            $sth->execute($biblionumber);
            my $popularity = $sth->fetchrow || 0;

# hint : the key is popularity.title because we can have
# many results with the same popularity. In this case, sub-ordering is done by title
# we also have biblionumber to avoid bug for 2 biblios with the same title & popularity
# (un-frequent, I agree, but we won't forget anything that way ;-)
            $popularity{ sprintf( "%10d", $popularity ) . $title
                  . $biblionumber } = $biblionumber;
        }

    # sort the hash and return the same structure as GetRecords (Zebra querying)
        my $result_hash;
        my $numbers = 0;
        if ( $ordering eq 'popularity_dsc' ) {    # sort popularity DESC
            foreach my $key ( sort { $b cmp $a } ( keys %popularity ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{ $popularity{$key} }->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        else {                                    # sort popularity ASC
            foreach my $key ( sort ( keys %popularity ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{ $popularity{$key} }->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        my $finalresult = ();
        $result_hash->{'hits'}         = $numbers;
        $finalresult->{'biblioserver'} = $result_hash;
        return $finalresult;

        #
        # ORDER BY author
        #
    }
    elsif ( $ordering =~ /author/ ) {
        my %result;
        foreach ( split /;/, $biblionumbers ) {
            my ( $biblionumber, $title ) = split /,/, $_;
            my $record = GetMarcBiblio($biblionumber);
            my $author;
            if ( C4::Context->preference('marcflavour') eq 'UNIMARC' ) {
                $author = $record->subfield( '200', 'f' );
                $author = $record->subfield( '700', 'a' ) unless $author;
            }
            else {
                $author = $record->subfield( '100', 'a' );
            }

# hint : the result is sorted by title.biblionumber because we can have X biblios with the same title
# and we don't want to get only 1 result for each of them !!!
            $result{ $author . $biblionumber } = $record;
        }

    # sort the hash and return the same structure as GetRecords (Zebra querying)
        my $result_hash;
        my $numbers = 0;
        if ( $ordering eq 'author_za' ) {    # sort by author desc
            foreach my $key ( sort { $b cmp $a } ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{$key}->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        else {                               # sort by author ASC
            foreach my $key ( sort ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{$key}->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        my $finalresult = ();
        $result_hash->{'hits'}         = $numbers;
        $finalresult->{'biblioserver'} = $result_hash;
        return $finalresult;

        #
        # ORDER BY callnumber
        #
    }
    elsif ( $ordering =~ /callnumber/ ) {
        my %result;
        foreach ( split /;/, $biblionumbers ) {
            my ( $biblionumber, $title ) = split /,/, $_;
            my $record = GetMarcBiblio($biblionumber);
            my $callnumber;
            my $frameworkcode = GetFrameworkCode($biblionumber);
            my ( $callnumber_tag, $callnumber_subfield ) = GetMarcFromKohaField(  'items.itemcallnumber', $frameworkcode);
               ( $callnumber_tag, $callnumber_subfield ) = GetMarcFromKohaField('biblioitems.callnumber', $frameworkcode)
                unless $callnumber_tag;
            if ( C4::Context->preference('marcflavour') eq 'UNIMARC' ) {
                $callnumber = $record->subfield( '200', 'f' );
            } else {
                $callnumber = $record->subfield( '100', 'a' );
            }

# hint : the result is sorted by title.biblionumber because we can have X biblios with the same title
# and we don't want to get only 1 result for each of them !!!
            $result{ $callnumber . $biblionumber } = $record;
        }

    # sort the hash and return the same structure as GetRecords (Zebra querying)
        my $result_hash;
        my $numbers = 0;
        if ( $ordering eq 'call_number_dsc' ) {    # sort by title desc
            foreach my $key ( sort { $b cmp $a } ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{$key}->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        else {                                     # sort by title ASC
            foreach my $key ( sort { $a cmp $b } ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{$key}->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        my $finalresult = ();
        $result_hash->{'hits'}         = $numbers;
        $finalresult->{'biblioserver'} = $result_hash;
        return $finalresult;
    }
    elsif ( $ordering =~ /pubdate/ ) {             #pub year
        my %result;
        foreach ( split /;/, $biblionumbers ) {
            my ( $biblionumber, $title ) = split /,/, $_;
            my $record = GetMarcBiblio($biblionumber);
            my ( $publicationyear_tag, $publicationyear_subfield ) =
              GetMarcFromKohaField( 'biblioitems.publicationyear', '' );
            my $publicationyear =
              $record->subfield( $publicationyear_tag,
                $publicationyear_subfield );

# hint : the result is sorted by title.biblionumber because we can have X biblios with the same title
# and we don't want to get only 1 result for each of them !!!
            $result{ $publicationyear . $biblionumber } = $record;
        }

    # sort the hash and return the same structure as GetRecords (Zebra querying)
        my $result_hash;
        my $numbers = 0;
        if ( $ordering eq 'pubdate_dsc' ) {    # sort by pubyear desc
            foreach my $key ( sort { $b cmp $a } ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{$key}->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        else {                                 # sort by pub year ASC
            foreach my $key ( sort ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] =
                  $result{$key}->as_usmarc();
            }
        }
        my $finalresult = ();
        $result_hash->{'hits'}         = $numbers;
        $finalresult->{'biblioserver'} = $result_hash;
        return $finalresult;

        #
        # ORDER BY title
        #
    }
    elsif ( $ordering =~ /title/ ) {

# the title is in the biblionumbers string, so we just need to build a hash, sort it and return
        my %result;
        foreach ( split /;/, $biblionumbers ) {
            my ( $biblionumber, $title ) = split /,/, $_;

# hint : the result is sorted by title.biblionumber because we can have X biblios with the same title
# and we don't want to get only 1 result for each of them !!!
# hint & speed improvement : we can order without reading the record
# so order, and read records only for the requested page !
            $result{ $title . $biblionumber } = $biblionumber;
        }

    # sort the hash and return the same structure as GetRecords (Zebra querying)
        my $result_hash;
        my $numbers = 0;
        if ( $ordering eq 'title_az' ) {    # sort by title desc
            foreach my $key ( sort ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] = $result{$key};
            }
        }
        else {                              # sort by title ASC
            foreach my $key ( sort { $b cmp $a } ( keys %result ) ) {
                $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] = $result{$key};
            }
        }

        # limit the $results_per_page to result size if it's more
        $results_per_page = $numbers - 1 if $numbers < $results_per_page;

        # for the requested page, replace biblionumber by the complete record
        # speed improvement : avoid reading too much things
        for (
            my $counter = $offset ;
            $counter <= $offset + $results_per_page ;
            $counter++
          )
        {
            $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$counter] =
              GetMarcBiblio( $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$counter] )->as_usmarc;
        }
        my $finalresult = ();
        $result_hash->{'hits'}         = $numbers;
        $finalresult->{'biblioserver'} = $result_hash;
        return $finalresult;
    }
    else {

#
# order by ranking
#
# we need 2 hashes to order by ranking : the 1st one to count the ranking, the 2nd to order by ranking
        my %result;
        my %count_ranking;
        foreach ( split /;/, $biblionumbers ) {
            my ( $biblionumber, $title ) = split /,/, $_;
            $title =~ /(.*)-(\d)/;

            # get weight
            my $ranking = $2;

# note that we + the ranking because ranking is calculated on weight of EACH term requested.
# if we ask for "two towers", and "two" has weight 2 in biblio N, and "towers" has weight 4 in biblio N
# biblio N has ranking = 6
            $count_ranking{$biblionumber} += $ranking;
        }

# build the result by "inverting" the count_ranking hash
# hing : as usual, we don't order by ranking only, to avoid having only 1 result for each rank. We build an hash on concat(ranking,biblionumber) instead
#         warn "counting";
        foreach ( keys %count_ranking ) {
            $result{ sprintf( "%10d", $count_ranking{$_} ) . '-' . $_ } = $_;
        }

    # sort the hash and return the same structure as GetRecords (Zebra querying)
        my $result_hash;
        my $numbers = 0;
        foreach my $key ( sort { $b cmp $a } ( keys %result ) ) {
            $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[ $numbers++ ] = $result{$key};
        }

        # limit the $results_per_page to result size if it's more
        $results_per_page = $numbers - 1 if $numbers < $results_per_page;

        # for the requested page, replace biblionumber by the complete record
        # speed improvement : avoid reading too much things
        for (
            my $counter = $offset ;
            $counter <= $offset + $results_per_page ;
            $counter++
          )
        {
            $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$counter] =
              GetMarcBiblio( $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$counter] )->as_usmarc
              if $result_hash->{'RECORDS'}[$counter];
        }
        my $finalresult = ();
        $result_hash->{'hits'}         = $numbers;
        $finalresult->{'biblioserver'} = $result_hash;
        return $finalresult;
    }
}

=head2 enabled_staff_search_views

%hash = enabled_staff_search_views()

This function returns a hash that contains three flags obtained from the system
preferences, used to determine whether a particular staff search results view
is enabled.

=over 2

=item C<Output arg:>

    * $hash{can_view_MARC} is true only if the MARC view is enabled
    * $hash{can_view_ISBD} is true only if the ISBD view is enabled
    * $hash{can_view_labeledMARC} is true only if the Labeled MARC view is enabled

=item C<usage in the script:>

=back

$template->param ( C4::Search::enabled_staff_search_views );

=cut

sub enabled_staff_search_views
{
	return (
		can_view_MARC			=> C4::Context->preference('viewMARC'),			# 1 if the staff search allows the MARC view
		can_view_ISBD			=> C4::Context->preference('viewISBD'),			# 1 if the staff search allows the ISBD view
		can_view_labeledMARC	=> C4::Context->preference('viewLabeledMARC'),	# 1 if the staff search allows the Labeled MARC view
	);
}

sub AddSearchHistory{
	my ($borrowernumber,$session,$query_desc,$query_cgi, $total)=@_;
    my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;

    # Add the request the user just made
    my $sql = "INSERT INTO search_history(userid, sessionid, query_desc, query_cgi, total, time) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, NOW())";
    my $sth   = $dbh->prepare($sql);
    $sth->execute($borrowernumber, $session, $query_desc, $query_cgi, $total);
	return $dbh->last_insert_id(undef, 'search_history', undef,undef,undef);
}

sub GetSearchHistory{
	my ($borrowernumber,$session)=@_;
    my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;

    # Add the request the user just made
    my $query = "SELECT FROM search_history WHERE (userid=? OR sessionid=?)";
    my $sth   = $dbh->prepare($query);
	$sth->execute($borrowernumber, $session);
    return  $sth->fetchall_hashref({});
}

=head2 z3950_search_args

$arrayref = z3950_search_args($matchpoints)

This function returns an array reference that contains the search parameters to be
passed to the Z39.50 search script (z3950_search.pl). The array elements
are hash refs whose keys are name, value and encvalue, and whose values are the
name of a search parameter, the value of that search parameter and the URL encoded
value of that parameter.

The search parameter names are lccn, isbn, issn, title, author, dewey and subject.

The search parameter values are obtained from the bibliographic record whose
data is in a hash reference in $matchpoints, as returned by Biblio::GetBiblioData().

If $matchpoints is a scalar, it is assumed to be an unnamed query descriptor, e.g.
a general purpose search argument. In this case, the returned array contains only
entry: the key is 'title' and the value and encvalue are derived from $matchpoints.

If a search parameter value is undefined or empty, it is not included in the returned
array.

The returned array reference may be passed directly to the template parameters.

=over 2

=item C<Output arg:>

    * $array containing hash refs as described above

=item C<usage in the script:>

=back

$data = Biblio::GetBiblioData($bibno);
$template->param ( MYLOOP => C4::Search::z3950_search_args($data) )

*OR*

$template->param ( MYLOOP => C4::Search::z3950_search_args($searchscalar) )

=cut

sub z3950_search_args {
    my $bibrec = shift;
    $bibrec = { title => $bibrec } if !ref $bibrec;
    my $array = [];
    for my $field (qw/ lccn isbn issn title author dewey subject /)
    {
        my $encvalue = URI::Escape::uri_escape_utf8($bibrec->{$field});
        push @$array, { name=>$field, value=>$bibrec->{$field}, encvalue=>$encvalue } if defined $bibrec->{$field};
    }
    return $array;
}

=head2 BiblioAddAuthorities

( $countlinked, $countcreated ) = BiblioAddAuthorities($record, $frameworkcode);

this function finds the authorities linked to the biblio
    * search in the authority DB for the same authid (in $9 of the biblio)
    * search in the authority DB for the same 001 (in $3 of the biblio in UNIMARC)
    * search in the authority DB for the same values (exactly) (in all subfields of the biblio)
OR adds a new authority record

=over 2

=item C<input arg:>

    * $record is the MARC record in question (marc blob)
    * $frameworkcode is the bibliographic framework to use (if it is "" it uses the default framework)

=item C<Output arg:>

    * $countlinked is the number of authorities records that are linked to this authority
    * $countcreated

=item C<BUGS>
    * I had to add this to Search.pm (instead of the logical Biblio.pm) because of a circular dependency (this sub uses SimpleSearch, and Search.pm uses Biblio.pm)

=back

=cut


sub BiblioAddAuthorities{
  my ( $record, $frameworkcode ) = @_;
  my $dbh=C4::Context->dbh;
  my $query=$dbh->prepare(qq|
SELECT authtypecode,tagfield
FROM marc_subfield_structure
WHERE frameworkcode=?
AND (authtypecode IS NOT NULL AND authtypecode<>\"\")|);
# SELECT authtypecode,tagfield
# FROM marc_subfield_structure
# WHERE frameworkcode=?
# AND (authtypecode IS NOT NULL OR authtypecode<>\"\")|);
  $query->execute($frameworkcode);
  my ($countcreated,$countlinked);
  while (my $data=$query->fetchrow_hashref){
    foreach my $field ($record->field($data->{tagfield})){
      next if ($field->subfield('3')||$field->subfield('9'));
      # No authorities id in the tag.
      # Search if there is any authorities to link to.
      my $query='at='.$data->{authtypecode}.' ';
      map {$query.= ' and he,ext="'.$_->[1].'"' if ($_->[0]=~/[A-z]/)}  $field->subfields();
      my ($error, $results, $total_hits)=SimpleSearch( $query, undef, undef, [ "authorityserver" ] );
    # there is only 1 result
          if ( $error ) {
        warn "BIBLIOADDSAUTHORITIES: $error";
            return (0,0) ;
          }
      if ($results && scalar(@$results)==1) {
        my $marcrecord = MARC::File::USMARC::decode($results->[0]);
        $field->add_subfields('9'=>$marcrecord->field('001')->data);
        $countlinked++;
      } elsif (scalar(@$results)>1) {
   #More than One result
   #This can comes out of a lack of a subfield.
#         my $marcrecord = MARC::File::USMARC::decode($results->[0]);
#         $record->field($data->{tagfield})->add_subfields('9'=>$marcrecord->field('001')->data);
  $countlinked++;
      } else {
  #There are no results, build authority record, add it to Authorities, get authid and add it to 9
  ###NOTICE : This is only valid if a subfield is linked to one and only one authtypecode
  ###NOTICE : This can be a problem. We should also look into other types and rejected forms.
         my $authtypedata=C4::AuthoritiesMarc::GetAuthType($data->{authtypecode});
         next unless $authtypedata;
         my $marcrecordauth=MARC::Record->new();
         my $authfield=MARC::Field->new($authtypedata->{auth_tag_to_report},'','',"a"=>"".$field->subfield('a'));
         map { $authfield->add_subfields($_->[0]=>$_->[1]) if ($_->[0]=~/[A-z]/ && $_->[0] ne "a" )}  $field->subfields();
         $marcrecordauth->insert_fields_ordered($authfield);

         # bug 2317: ensure new authority knows it's using UTF-8; currently
         # only need to do this for MARC21, as MARC::Record->as_xml_record() handles
         # automatically for UNIMARC (by not transcoding)
         # FIXME: AddAuthority() instead should simply explicitly require that the MARC::Record
         # use UTF-8, but as of 2008-08-05, did not want to introduce that kind
         # of change to a core API just before the 3.0 release.
         if (C4::Context->preference('marcflavour') eq 'MARC21') {
            SetMarcUnicodeFlag($marcrecordauth, 'MARC21');
         }

#          warn "AUTH RECORD ADDED : ".$marcrecordauth->as_formatted;

         my $authid=AddAuthority($marcrecordauth,'',$data->{authtypecode});
         $countcreated++;
         $field->add_subfields('9'=>$authid);
      }
    }
  }
  return ($countlinked,$countcreated);
}

=head2 GetDistinctValues($field);

C<$field> is a reference to the fields array

=cut

sub GetDistinctValues {
    my ($fieldname,$string)=@_;
    # returns a reference to a hash of references to branches...
    if ($fieldname=~/\./){
			my ($table,$column)=split /\./, $fieldname;
			my $dbh = C4::Context->dbh;
			warn "select DISTINCT($column) as value, count(*) as cnt from $table group by lib order by $column " if $DEBUG;
			my $sth = $dbh->prepare("select DISTINCT($column) as value, count(*) as cnt from $table ".($string?" where $column like \"$string%\"":"")."group by value order by $column ");
			$sth->execute;
			my $elements=$sth->fetchall_arrayref({});
			return $elements;
   }
   else {
		$string||= qq("");
		my @servers=qw<biblioserver authorityserver>;
		my (@zconns,@results);
        for ( my $i = 0 ; $i < @servers ; $i++ ) {
        	$zconns[$i] = C4::Context->Zconn( $servers[$i], 1 );
			$results[$i] =
                      $zconns[$i]->scan(
                        ZOOM::Query::CCL2RPN->new( qq"$fieldname $string", $zconns[$i])
                      );
		}
		# The big moment: asynchronously retrieve results from all servers
		my @elements;
		while ( ( my $i = ZOOM::event( \@zconns ) ) != 0 ) {
			my $ev = $zconns[ $i - 1 ]->last_event();
			if ( $ev == ZOOM::Event::ZEND ) {
				next unless $results[ $i - 1 ];
				my $size = $results[ $i - 1 ]->size();
				if ( $size > 0 ) {
                      for (my $j=0;$j<$size;$j++){
						my %hashscan;
						@hashscan{qw(value cnt)}=$results[ $i - 1 ]->display_term($j);
						push @elements, \%hashscan;
					  }
				}
			}
		}
		return \@elements;
   }
}


END { }    # module clean-up code here (global destructor)

1;
__END__

=head1 AUTHOR

Koha Development Team <http://koha-community.org/>

=cut
